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Arkansas CTI Unit 1

QuestionAnswer
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - coding system that computers of all types and brands can translate
Application software - also called productivity software; helps you perform a specific task, such as word processing or spreadsheets
Bit - in binary, a bit represents a zero or one
Byte - a byte is another word for character; generally represented by eight bits
Central Processing Unit (CPU) - also known as the microprocessor; the brains of the computer
Computer - electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result
File extension - the part of a file name that comes after the period called a "dot"
File name - the name assigned for identification
Folder - a way to organize files into manageable groups
Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) - operating systems with graphical symbols representing files, programs, and documents
Hardware - the tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched
Icons - graphic images or symbols that represent applications (programs), files, disk drives, documents, embedded objects, or linked objects
Input devices - enable the user to input data and commands into the computer
Mainframe computers - large, powerful computers that are used for centralized storage, processing, and management of very large amounts of data
Maximize - to enlarge a window on the computer to fill the computer screen
Menu bar - the horizontal bar near the top of a window that lists the different types of menus to choose from when working with documents
Microcomputer - sometimes called a personal computer; used at home or at the office by one person; can fit on top of or under a desk
Microprocessor - an integrated circuit silicon chip that contains the processing unit for a computer or a computerized appliance
Microsoft&
039;s Disk Operating System (MS-DOS) - originally introduced with the IBM PC in 1981
Minicomputer - type of computer that is designed to serve multiple users and process significant amounts of data; larger than a microcomputer, but smaller than a mainframe
Minimize - to reduce a window on the screen to a button on the taskbar
Motherboard - a circuit board that contains all of the computer system's main components
Network - connects one computer to other computers and peripheral devices
Operating systems - systems software that provide an interface between the user or application program and the computer hardware
Output devices - enable the computer to give you the results of the processed data
Plug and play - technology that allows a hardware component to be attached to a computer so that it is automatically configured by the operating system, without user intervention
Random Access Memory (RAM) - where instructions and data are stored on a temporary basis; this memory is volatile
Read-Only Memory (ROM) - permanent storage; instructions are burned onto chips by the manufacturer
Restore - to return a maximized or minimized window to its previous size
Scroll bar - band on the right side or bottom of a window that you click to bring different parts of a document into view
Software - intangible set of instructions that tell the computer what to do
Supercomputers - largest and fastest computers, capable of storing and processing tremendous volumes of data
Systems software - a group of programs that coordinate and control the resources and operations of a computer system
Task bar - the horizontal band at the bottom of the desktop that includes the Start button, minimized window buttons, and a row of icons usually related to input and output devices
Technology - the application of scientific discoveries to the production of goods and services that improve the human environment
Title bar - the horizontal band in a window that displays the name of the program, data file, or another type of window
Tool bar - a band near the top of a window that has groups' icons or buttons that will execute certain commands when clicked
Troubleshooting - analyzing problems to correct faults in the system
Universal Serial Bus (USB) - standard for computer ports that support data transfer rates of up to 12 million bits per second
Utility software - systems software that perform tasks related to managing the computer's resources, file management, diagnostics, and other specialized chores
Virus - a computer program that is written to cause corruption of data
Window - rectangular area of the screen used to display a program, data, or other information
Created by: mcewenj
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