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chapter 1 review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define: Evolutionary Theory | head of family eventually became head of larger group |
| Define: Force Theory | when everyone in an area was brought under authority of one person/group |
| Define: Divine Right Theory | certain people were chosen by a god/gods to rule |
| Define: Social Contrast Theory | People agree to form states to ensure their own survival |
| What are the (5) purposes of government | 1. maintain social order 2. to establish justice 3. to provide security and defense 4. to provide for the economy 5. to promote the general welfare |
| What are the (3) types of Distribution of Government power. (LIST AND DEFINE EACH ONE) | 1. Unitary- all power is held by a single, central agency 2. Federal- power is divided between central government and several local governments 3. Confederate- alliance of independent states |
| What are the (9) Elements/ Characteristics of Democracy | 1. Individual liberty 2. Major rule with minority rights 3. free elections 4. competing political parties 5. citizen participation 6. favorable economy 7. widespread education 8. strong civil society 9. social consequences |
| Define: Economics | study of how limited resources are used to satisfy people's wants |
| Define: Capitalism | freedom of choice & individual incentive for workers, consumers, &business enterprises are emphasized |
| Define: Free Market | Government places no limit on freedom of buyers & sellers to make economic decision |
| Define: Socialism | Government owns basic means of production, determine use of resources, distribute some products/ wages, & provide social services |
| Define: Communism | Central government directs all major economic decisions, government owns all land natural resources, industry, banks & transportation; controls all means of mass communication |
| Define: Government | Institution through which a society maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions that are binding on all of its residents |
| What are the (4) essential features of a state? | 1. Population 2. Territory 3. Government 4. Sovereignty |
| What are the (2) types of autocracy? (list and define each one) | Dictator- a single ruler ex. Germany Monarchy- one person has great power |
| What are the (2) types of Monarchy? (List and define each one) | Absolute- do what they want Ex. Sodia Arabia Constitutional- limited power or no power Ex. GB |
| Define: Oligarchy government and give an example | system of government in which a small group holds power ex. China |
| What are the (2) types of a democracy government? (List define) | Indirect-elect a representative and that person makes laws and conducts government Direct- citizens cast a vote directly on government issues and laws |
| Define: Individual rights | People are free to develop their own capacities |
| Define: Competing political parties | Voters choose among candidates in several parties.. Their presence helps focus attention on key issues |
| Define: Free elections | Everyone's vote carries the same weight Discriminatory tests cannot be used to restrict voting |
| Define: Majority rule w/ Minority rights | The Constitution ensures protection of minority rights |
Created by:
Mheiman48
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