Help
Options
Question
element
click to flip
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't know
Question
Mass numeber
Remaining cards (45)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Campbell Bio Vocab 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions |
| Mass numeber | Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| Isotopes | Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons |
| Electrons | A subatomic particle with a single negative electrical charge and a mass about 1/2,000 of that of a neutron or proton; one or more move around the nucleus of an atom |
| Valence shell | Outermost electron-occupied shell |
| GN Lewis | Proposed theory that a filled shell of electrons is especially stable |
| Matter | anything that has mass and takes up space |
| compound | a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio |
| essential elements | A chemical element required for an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce |
| Trace elements | an element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts |
| atom | the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element |
| neutrons | A subatomic particle having no electrical charge (electrically neutral), witha mass of about 1.7 x 10^-24 g, found in the nucleus of an atom |
| protons | A subatomic particle with a single positive electrical charge, with a mass of about 1.7 x 10^-24g, found in the nucleus of an atom. |
| atomic nucleus | An atom's dense central core, containing protons and neutrons. |
| Dalton | A measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles; the same as the atomic mass unit, or amu |
| atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and designated by a subscript to the left of the elemental symbol |
| mass number | The sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. |
| atomic mass | the total mass of an atom, which is the mass in grams of 1 mole of the atom |
| isotopes | one of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass |
| radioactive isotope | an isotope (an atomic form of a chemical element) that is unstable; the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off detectable particles and energy |
| energy | The capacity to cause change, especially to do work (to move matter against an opposing force). |
| potential energy | The energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or spatial arrangement (structure). |
| electron shells | An energy level of electrons at a characteristic average distance from the nucleus of an atom |
| valence electrons | An electron in the outermost electron shell |
| valence shell | The outermost energy shell of an atom, containing the valence electrons involved in the chemical reactions of that atom |
| orbital | The three-dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of the time |
| chemical bonds | An attraction between two atoms, resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells. |
| covalent bond | A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons |
| Molecule | Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |
| single bond | A single covalent bond; the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms |
| double bond | a double covalent bond; the sharing of two pairs of valence electrons by two atoms |
| valence | the bonding capacity of a given atom; usually equals the number of unpaired electrons required to complete the atom's outermost (valence) shell |
| electronegativity | the attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond |
| nonpolar covalent bond | a type of covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity |
| polar covalent bond | a covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity; the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive |
| ion | an atom or group of atoms that has gained or lost one or more electrons, thus acquiring a charge |
| cation | a positively charge ion |
| anion | a negatively charged ion |
| ionic bond | a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions |
| ionic compounds/salts | a compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond |
| hydrogen bond | a type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule or in another region of the same molecule |
| van der Waals interactions | Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from transient local partial charges |
| chemical reactions | the making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter |
| reactants | a starting material in a chemical reaction |
| products | a material resulting from a chemical reaction |
| chemical equilibrium | in a chemical reaction, the state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, so that the relative concentrations of the reactants and products do not change with time |
Created by:
1440516165
Popular Biology sets