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Anthropology Exam 1

Exam 1 Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
What is Anthropology? The study of: 1. Humans in all places at all times. 2. Human Diversity. 3. Humanity in all of its dimensions. 4. All aspects of the human condition.
What is a Hypothesis? A provisional explanation of a phenomenon. It must be tested and verified. ***If a hypothesis cannot be falsified, it is accepted as a theory!***
What is a theory? A statement that has a firm basis through testing and the accumulation of evidence.
What does Physical Anthropology deal with? 1. The emergence and evolution of humans as revealed by the fossil record. 2. Genetics. 3. Growth and development. 4. Biological plasticity. 5. Variation between modern populations.
What are the 4 Components of the Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution? 1. Natural Selection. 2. Mutation. 3. Gene Flow. 4. Genetic Drift ("Founders Effect")
What are the 4 Components of Darwin's concept of Natural Selection? 1. Organisms vary from each other in ways that are inherited. 2. Differential reproductive success (not everyone produces offspring) 3. Certain inherited traits can increase survival. 4. Frequency of successful traits increase in subsequent generati
What is Sexual Dimorphism? A phenotyic difference between males and females
What Kingdom do Humans belong to? Animalia
What Order do Humans belong to? Primate
What Family do Humans belong to? (Walk on two legs) Hominidae
What Genus do Humans belong to? (It's Latin for "person") Homo
What Species do Humans belong to? (It's Latin for "wise") Sapiens
What primary tool did Homo habilis use? Stone tools
What primary tool did Homo erectus use? Hand axe
What are the 4 Fields of Anthropology? 1. Physical 2. Archaeology 3. Linguistics 4. Cultural
What did Jean Baptiste Lamarck argue? Life is dynamic, not static. (always changes, doesn't stay the same) Referred to this as "evolution"
Who is James Hutton? Proposed the idea of Uniformitarianism
Who proposed the idea of Catastrophism? Georges Cuvier.
What is Taphonomy? The study of processes that have affected organic materials after death.
Who believed the Earth was created October 23, 4004 BC? Archbishop James Ussher
Who was the first to classify humans, apes, and monkeys in the same order? Carolus Linnaeus (Carl Von Lenae)
Who wrote an essay on the Principle of Population? Thomas Malthus
What is Super fecundity? Species that produce more offspring than will survive.
Created by: klein-andrew
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