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RADT 334- UNIT 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The smallest quantity of any type of electromagnetic radiation; it may be pictured as a small bundle of energy, sometimes called a quantum. | photon |
| Characteristic of materials that allow x-rays to penetrate with a minimum of attenuation. Radiolucent structures are nearly invisible on radiographs. | radiolucency |
| A mathematical relationship describing the reduction in radiation intensity with distance from a point source. The intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the distance of the object to the source. | the inverse square law |
| The number of wavelengths passing a point per second. | frequency |
| Energy can be transformed into another form or into matter, but it cannot be created or destroyed. | the law of conservation of energy |
| A form of ionizing electromagnetic radiation emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom. | gamma ray |
| The wide range of electromagnetic radiation described by its frequency, wavelength or energy. | electromagnetic spectrum |
| The mathematical or graphical description of a simple harmonic motion. | sinusoidal variation |
| A single unit of electromagnetic radiation. | quantum |
| A narrow region in the middle of the electromagnetic spectrum extending from approximately 400 nm (blue) to 700 nm (red) | visible light |
| A thunder clap associated with lightning has a frequency of 800 Hz. If its wavelength is 50 cm, what is its velocity? | 400 m/s |
| The output intensity of a normal radiographic imaging system is 5mR/mAs at 100 cm. What is the output intensity of such a system at 200 cm. | 1.25 mR/mAs |
| What is the wave equation? | velocity= frequency x wavelength |
| How are frequency and wavelength related? | inversely |
| What are the three imaging windows of the electromagnetic spectrum? | radiofrequency, visible light, and x-radiation. |
| What unit of measure is use for radiofrequency? | Hertz |
| What unit of measure is used for visible light? | meters |
| What unit of measure is used for x-radiation? | electron volts |
| What is the energy range of diagnostic x-rays? | 30-150 keV |
| What is the difference between x-rays and gamma rays? | origin |
| Some regions in the EMS behave like waves and some behave like particles in their interaction with matter. What is this phenomenon called? | wave-particle duality |
| The reduction of x-ray beam intensity because of absorption and scatter is called? | attenuation |
| Unit of electric charge. | coulomb |
| Electric charges in motion. | electrodynamics |
| Electric current (A) through a potential (V). | electric power |
| Stationary electric charges. | electrostatics |
| Two poles. | dipole |
| The ability to transfer energy from one object to another without touching. | induction |
| An accumulation of many atomic magnets with their dipoles aligned. | magnetic domain |
| An iron core transformer with only one winding. | autotransformer |
| Units of magnetic intensity. | Gauss and Tesla |
| The energy that causes electrons to move in a conductor; measured in volts (V). | electric potential |
| What is the total circuit resistance when resistive elements of 5, 10, 15, and 20 ohms are connected in a series circuit? | 50 ohms |
| What is the total circuit resistance when resistive elements of 5, 10, 15, and 20 ohms are connected in a parallel circuit? | 2.4 ohms |
| A radiographic exposure requires 100 mAs. How many electrons is this? | 6.3x10^17 electrons |
| Name three types of transformers. | Closed-core, autotransformer, and shell type. |
| Name three ways to electrify an object. | contact, friction, induction |
| The following are all part of what?Unlike charges attract;like charges repel,Coulomb's Law,Electrostatic force follows inverse square law,Electric charges are uniformly distributed except at high curvature regions where they concentrate. | Four laws of electrostatics |
| Why is electrification easier in dry Phoenix than in humid Houston? | humidity allows excess electrons to attach to water molecules in the air |
| A mobile x-ray imaging system operates on 110 V AC power. Its maximum capacity is 110 kVp and 100 mA. What is the turns ratio of the high-voltage transformer? | 1000:1 |
| What is the role of magnetism in the study of x-ray imaging? | High voltage generators in x-ray imaging systems are magnetic devices. Magnetic resonance imaging deals with static and varying magnetic fields. |
| List three principle types of magnets. | permanent magnets, electromagnets, superconducting magnets. |
| Current-carrying coil wrapped around a ferromagnetic core. | electromagnet. |
| State Ohm's Law. | voltage is equal to the product of current and resistance. |
| What happens when a bar magnet is heated to a very high temperature? | it loses its magnetic properties |
| Give 2 examples of nonmagnetic material. | wood and glass |
| Give 2 examples of diamagnetic material. | water and plastic |
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