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Chapt 18-20
Vocab 18-20
Term | Definition |
---|---|
domestication | the process of training and breeding animals for use by humans |
communism | a system of government in which the government controls the means of production determining what goods will be made how much workers will be paid and how much items will cost |
Eurasia | the name some geographers suggest should be used for the landmass of Europe and Asia |
inland sea | an area of lakes creeks and swamps away from the ocean |
tundra | a dry treeless plain where temperatures are always cool and cold and only specialized plants can grow |
taiga | thinly scattered, coniferous forests found in Europe and Asia |
steppe | a temperate grassland found in Europe and Asia |
multiethnic | composed of many ethnic groups |
ethnic group | people who share such things as culture language and religion |
acid rain | rain whose high concentration of chemicals usually from industrial pollution pollutes water, kills plant and animal life, and eats away at the surface of stone and rock; form of chemical weathering |
infant mortality | the number of children per 1,000 live births who die within the first year |
maternal mortality | the number of women who died due to pregnancy and childbirth complications per 100,000 live births |
life expectancy | the number of years an individual is expected to live as determined by statistics |
national identity | a peoples sense of what makes them a nation |
ghetto | a section of a city in which a particular minority group is forced to live |
Holocaust | the execution of 6 million Jews in Nazi concentration camps during WW II. |
velvet revolution | a revolution without bloodshed, which took place in Czechoslovaka during late 1980's |
collective farm | a government owned farm managed by workers who share the profits from their produce |
privatization | the process of selling government-owned industries and businesses to private owners |
balkanize | to break up into small, mutually hostile political units, as occurred in the Balkans after World War I |
entrepreneur | a go-getter individual who starts and builds a business |
multiplier effect | the effect an investment has in multiplying related jobs throughout the economy |
annex | to formally incorporate into a country or state territory of another |
diversity | to increase the variety of |
Chernozem | a rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid-latitude grasslands |
permaforest | a layer of soil just below the earth's surface that strays permanently frozen |
czar | an emperor of Russia |
abdicate | to surrender one's office, throne, or authority |
command economy | an economic system that is controlled by a single central government |
glasnost | a policy of openness introduced in the Soviet Union in the late 1980's |
perestroika | in the former Soviet Union a policy of economic restructuring |
soviet | In the former Soviet Union, any one of various governing councils |
ruble | the currency of Russia |
black market | the system of selling goods and services outside of official channels |