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Agricultural Revolution
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World Geography A13

Ch. 21, 22, & 23 Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Agricultural Revolution The change from nomadic hunting and gathering to farming that took place about 8000 BC.
Civilization An advanced culture.
Monotheism The belief in one God.
Protectorate An area that has its own government but is controlled by an outside power.
Chaparral A type of natural vegetation that is adapted to Mediterranean climates; small evergreen trees and low bushes or scrub.
Poaching Illegal hunting.
Mosque An islamic place of religious worship.
Muezzin In Islam, a crier who calls the faithful to prayer five times each day from a minaret.
Minaret A tall, slender tower attached to a mosque.
Desalination Plant Th process of removing salt from seawater so that it can be used for drinking and irrigation.
Nomad A person who travels from place to place.
Trade Deficit The situation in which a country imports more than it exports.
Trade Surplus The situation in which a country exports more than it imports.
Autonomy Independence.
Genocide The systematic killing or intentional destruction of a people.
Nationalism Pride in one's nation; the desire of a cultural group to rule themselves as a separate nation.
Chernozem A rich topsoil found in the Russian steppes and other mid-latitude grasslands.
Yurt A round tent made of a wooden framework and covered with felt or skins.
Fundamentalism A set of religious beliefs based on a strict interpretation of a sacred text.
Desertification The transformation of arable land into the desert either naturally or through human intervention.
Mandate A commission from the League of Nations authorizing a nation to govern a territory.
Zionist A member of a movement known as Zionism, founded to promote the establishment of an independent Jewish state.
Self-determination The right of a people to decide their own political future.
Drip Irrigation A process by which precisely controlled amounts of water drip directly onto plants from pipe, thus preserving precious water resources in dry areas.
Potash A mineral used in explosives and fertilizers.
Fertile Crescent A region in the Middle East where farming and the first civilizations developed.
Militia A citizen army.
Anarchy Political disorder and violence; lawlessness.
Embargo A severe restriction of trade with other countries.
Infrastructure The basic support of facilities of a community or county, such as roads and bridges, power plants, and schools.
Falaj System In the Arabian Peninsula, an ancient system of underground and surface canals.
Secular Worldly, not relating to religion.
Shah The title of the former ruler of Iran.
Ayatollah A religious leader among the Shiite Muslims.
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