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South Asia
Question | Answer |
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Monsoon | Refers to the seasonal reversal of wind and moisture flows in certain parts of the subtropics and lower-middle latitudes. |
Indo-European languages | The major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm. Also widely dispersed globally. |
Dravidian languages | The language family, indigenous to the South Asian realm, that dominates southern India today. |
Partition | The subdivision of the British Indian Empire into India and Pakistan at the end of colonial rule on August 15, 1947. |
Forward Capital | Capital city positioned in actually or potentially contested territory, usually near an international border. A South Asian example of this is Pakistan’s capital, Islambad. |
Population density | The number of people per unit area. Also see arithmetic density and physiologic density measures. |
Physiologic density | The number of people per unit area of arable land. |
Demographic transition | Multi-stage model, based on western Europe’s experience, of changes in population growth exhibited by countries undergoing industrialization. |
Fertility rate | Total - The average number of children born to women of childbearing age in a given population. |
Population pyramid | Graphic representation or profile of a national population according to age and gender. |
Sex ratio | A demographic indicator showing the ratio of males to females in a given population. |
Communal tension | Persistent stress among a country’s sociocultural groups that can often erupt into communal violence, particularly in India. |
Hindutva | “Hinduness” as expressed through Hindu nationalism, Hindu heritage, and/or Hindu patriotism. Indian cornerstone fundamentalist movement. |
Caste system | The strict social stratification and residential segregation of people—specifically in India’s Hindu society—on the basis of ancestry and occupation. |
Outsourcing | To import products and resources from foreign countries. |
Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) | A legitimate organization that operates independently from any form of government and does not function as a for-profit business. |
Micro-credit | Small loans extended to poverty-stricken borrowers who would not otherwise qualify for them. |
Buffer state | A country or set of countries separating ideological or political adversaries. |
Taliban | Refers to the Islamist militia group that emerged from madrassas in Pakistan and ruled neighboring Afghanistan between 1996 and 2001. |
al-Qaeda | The terrorist organization that evolved into an expanding global network under the directorship of Usama bin Laden between the mid-1990s and his elimination by the U.S. in 2011. |
Rising sea level | One of the expected major impacts of global climate change on the world ocean resulting from the large-scale melting of Arctic and Antarctic ice. |
Drone warfare | The use of remote-controlled unmanned aerial vehicles as delivery systems to conduct military attacks. |