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Adre/Cholinergic PCC Matching
Anticholinergics: Atropine (uses)
preoperative to reduce salivation, increase heart rate, dilate pupils, as an antispasmodic drug to treat peptic ulcers
Patient teaching with anticholinergics
Avoid hot temps,physical exertion,don't use in pts w/ glaucoma,drowsiness is common,avoid etoh,smoking,caffeine,aspirin,use sunglasses for photophobia,dry mouth,<urination,constipation,>fluids,urinate before taking, >oral hygeine, eyedrops=moisten, >fiber
Effects of parasympathomimetics on specific organs
Constricts pupils, bronchioles, and bladder. Increases secretions, peristalsis, and salivation. decreases heart rate. Dilates blood vessels.
Cholinergic Agonist: Bethanecol-Urecholine (Contraindications/Interactions)
GI/GU obstruction, bradycardia, hypotension, COPD, asthma, peptic ulcer, parkinsonism, antidysrhythmics
Adrenergic agonists/Antagonists: Adrenergic Receptor functions
Alpha1: the arterioles & venules contrict,increasing peripheral resistance & blood return to the heart. Alpha2: increases norepinephrine resulting in vasodilation and decrease BP.Beta1: increases myocardial contractility and HR. Beta2:
Adrenergic Agonists/Antagonists:Patient teaching for adrenergic beta blockers
decrease HR & BP.Should be used with extreme caution with COPD or asthma.Side effects:bradycardia,hypotension,HA,dizziness, cold extremities, hypoglycemia,bronchospasm,dysrhythmias,flushing,weakness,impotence,dec. libido,depression,pulmonary edema
Adrenergic Agonists/Antagonists: Epinephrine (Pharmacodynamics)
SubQ onset 3-5 min, peak 20 min, duration 1-4 hrs., IV onset immediate, peak 2-5 min, duration 5-10 min, inhal onset 1 min, peak 3-5 min, duration 1-3 hours. increase CO, vasoconstriction, BP, HR, bronchodilation, renal vasoconstriction, decreasing output
Cholinergic agonists: Cholinergic overdose antidote
IV atropine sulfate (0.6-1.2 mg) early signs of overdose include flushing, salivation, sweating, nausea, and abd. cramps
Know different names for same category: Cholinergic agonists
parasympathomimetics, cholinomimetics, cholinergic stimulants, cholinergic agonists
Cholinergic Agonist: Bethanecol-Urecholine (adverse effects)
orthostatic hypotension, bradycardia, muscle weakness, acute asthmatic attack, heart block, circulatory collapse, cardiac arrest
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