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Ancient Philosophers Quiz

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1.  The Athenian state disapproved of his conduct, and he was put on trial for corrupting the city’s youth, which led to his death by drinking hemlock. His trial, imprisonment, and death are recounted in Plato’s Apology, Crito, and Phaedo, respectively.




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2. Proclaiming his own ignorance of all things, he went around Athens engaging in Q&A sessions to search for truths or draw out contradictions. The Socratic Method




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3. Student of Parmenides, who founded the Eleatic school in a Greek colony of the Italian peninsula. He is most famous today for his paradoxes, the best-known of which involve an arrow in flight and a race between Achilles and a tortoise.




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4. A student of Plato; in turn, he was a tutor to Alexander the Great. Many of his works come to us in the form of lectures he gave at his school, known as the Lyceum.




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5. His Poetics discusses the types of drama and considers an effect of tragedies known as catharsis, or the purging of bad feelings.




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6. School of Epicurus




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7. A pivotal thinker from China’s Spring and Autumn period, his views on proper conduct and filial piety still influence China to this day. Many sayings attributed to him were compiled by his disciples following his death in a text known as the Analects.




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8. He is sometimes thought of as the founder of a “Milesian school” of philosophy, whose other members include Anaximander and Anaximenes.




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9. He put much importance on ren, the inner state which allows one to behave compassionately toward others, and on a concept called li, which can help individuals attain ren.




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10. Rejecting mythical explanations of the universe’s nature, he believed that the first principle of all existence, the natural element from which all things emerged, was water.




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11. Aristotle




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12. Zeno of Elea




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13. Zeno of Elea




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14. Epicurus




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15.  Thales




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16. Cicero




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17. Lao Tzu




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18. Socrates




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19. Lao Tzu or Laozi




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20. Socrates





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