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Overview

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Created by: vmed

Popular Bacteriology sets

USCSOM: Micro: Memorizing bacteria

Overview of bugs

Gram + Rods, Anaerobic

Gram - Coccus, Aerobic

Gram - Rods, Aerobic Intracellular

Gram - Rods, Aerobic, Extracellular

Gram - Rods, Microaerophilic

Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes

Antibacterial agents

Gram - Rod, Extracellular Obligate Anaerobes

Gram +ve vs. Gram -ve, cocci vs. bacilli, others

Bacterial morphology, growth genetics, human flora, pathogenesis, antibiotics

Bug Name	Labs	Toxins	Diseases	Treatment	Transmission	Other
Neisseria meningitidis	Gram - Coccus, Aerobic, Catalase +, Oxidase +, Intracellular Diplococci	Capsule, Pili, LOS	Acute purulent meningitis, Meningococcemia, Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome	Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime	Colonizes the nasopharynx; Horizontal transmission via respiratory droplets	Symptoms: Petechial lesions on trunk Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome notes:Initially caused by an N. meningitidis infection, progressing to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage, DIC, and coma; rapidly fatal
Neisseria gonorrhea	Gram - Coccus, Aerobic, Catalase +, Oxidase +, Intracellular, Diplococci	Endotoxin, Pili, OPa proteins, IgA protease, Beta-Lactamase	Gonorrhea, PID, Disseminated gonococcal infection and septic arthritis, ophthalmia neonatorum	Ceftriaxone, Cefoxitin and doxycycline, spectinomycin	STD	(blank)
Staph aureus	Gram Positive Cocci, Facultative Anaerobes, Catalase +, Coagulase +, Beta-hemolytic	Alpha toxin (septic shock), Beta toxin (sphingomyelinase), Capsule, Protein A, Penicillinase, Hemolysin, Enterotoxin, TSST-1	Impetigo, Pyoderma, Bateremia/sepsis, Post-viral pneumonia, Osteomyelitis, Infective arthritis, Acute endocarditis, Food poisoning, Scalded Skin Syndrome, TSS	Nafcillin, Vanc, 1st Generation cephalosporin, Bactracin	Nose/Sneeze, Contact, Nosocomial	(blank)
Staph epidermidis	Gram Positive Cocci, Facultative Anaerobes, Catalase +, Coagulase -	Glycocalyx	Neonatal bateremia and sepsis, Subacuate endocarditis, Prosthetic valve infection	Vanc, linezolid, daptomycin	Normal flora	(blank)
Staph saprophyticus	Gram Positive Cocci, Facultative Anaerobes, Catalase +, Coagulase-	Hemaglutinin protein and surface proteins--> attachement to urinary tract epithelial cells	UTI	Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole	Normal flora of genitourinary tract	(blank)
Strep pyogenes	Gram Positive Cocci, Microaerophilic, Catalase -, Beta-Hemolytic, Bacitracin Sensitive	Hyaluronic acid capsule, M Protein, Streptolysins O and S, Pyrogenic Exotoxin, Exoenzymes	Pharyngitis, Impetigo, Erysipela, Cellulitis, Puerperal Infection, Necrotizing fasciitis, Scarlet fever, TSLS, Acute rheumatic fever, Post-streptococcal acute glomerulonephritis	Penicillin, Erythromycin, Sulfonamides	Normal flora of skin and oropharynx, causing infection with penetration of tissues	(blank)
Strep pneumoniae	Gram Positive Cocci, Microaerophilic, Lancet-shaped diplococci, Alpha-hemolytic, Optochin sensitive	Capsule, Pneumolysin	Pneumococcal lobar pneumonia, Meningitis (adult), Otitis media, Sinusitis, Chronic bronchitis, Conjunctivitis	Penicillin, Augmentin, Ceftriaxone, Vanc	Normal flora of the upper respiratory tract; Meningitis with spread from sinusitis or otitis media	Prevnar (Infants) and Pnuemovax (adults)
Strep agalactiae	Gram Positive Cocci, Microaerophilic, Paired cocci, Catalase -, Beta-hemolytic, Bacitracin resistant	Capsule, Sialic acid	Neonatal pneumonia and Meningitis	Penicillin G +/- Gent, Vanc, Ampicillin + Gent	Normal flora of vagina; Vertical transmission at birth	(blank)
Strep viridans	Gram Positive Cocci, Microaerophilic, Catalase -, Alpha-hemolytic, Optochin resistant	Glycocalyx, Lipoteichoic acid, Glucans	Dental Caries, Subacute endocarditis	Penicillin + Gent, Vanc	Carried in mouth	(blank)
Clostridium perfringens	Gram + Rods, Anaerobic, Catalase -	Enterotoxins, Alpha toxin	Food poisoning, Gas gangrene, Endometritis, Cellulitis	Penicillin G, Metronidazole, Hyperbaric oxygen	Spores in soil, dust, and air, entering wound sites	(blank)
Clostridium tetani	Gram + Rods, Anaerobic, Catalase -	Spore-forming; toxin blocks inhibition--> lock jaw, opisthotonic posturing	Lockjaw/opisthotonic	Metronidazole, Tetanus anti-toxin, Respiratory support, Control of rigidity and spasms with benzodiazepines	Spores occur in soil and disease occurs by entry of spores into wound sites; umbilical stump infection in neonates	vaccine: DPT
Clostridium difficile	Gram + Rods, Anaerobic, Catalase -	Flagella, spores with enterotoxins	Pseudomembranous colitis, Bloody diarrhea	IV Metronidazole, Oral Vancomycin, Water and electrolytes	Spores infecting wound sites	(blank)
Clostridium botulinum	Gram + Rods, Anaerobic, Catalase -	Blocks acetylcholine release	Diffuse paralysis	Botulinum anti-toxin, Metronidazole, Vanc	Airborne spores	(blank)
E. coli	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes, Lactose fermenting	Type I fimbriae	Hemolytic uremic syndrome, Cystitis, Pyelonephritis, UTI with indwelling catheter, Neonatal Meningitis	(blank)	(blank)	(blank)
ETEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	CFA pili, LT Toxin (cholera-like), ST Toxin; Non-Invasive	Watery, secretory diarrhea known as Traveler's Diarrhea	Fluid and electrolyte replacement	(blank)	Sources: Salads, fruits, vegetables
EPEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	No enterotoxins	Secretory and Mucoid Diarrhea	Fluid and electrolyte replacement	(blank)	(blank)
EAgEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	(blank)	Secretory Diarrhea	Fluid and electrolyte replacement	(blank)	(blank)
EHEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	Bfp Pilus, Shiga toxin	Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Hemorrhagic Colitis	(blank)	(blank)	Type: O157:H7 Sources: Beef, Apple juice, Radishes
EIEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	Shigella-like Toxin	Blood, pus, and mucous in diarrhea	(blank)	(blank)	(blank)
UPEC	Gram - Rods, Facultative Anaerobes	(blank)	Cystitis, Neonatal Meningitis, UTI, Pyelonephritis	Ampicillin, Bactrim, Ampicillin + Gentamycin	(blank)	(blank)