| Question | Answer |
| BLOOD COLLECTION AMOUNT IS DETERMINED BY: | o Test
o Tube size
o Animal size & hydration status – will effect the volume of blood you can attain |
| WHAT IS AN ANTICOAGULANT? | • Work by binding calcium (factor 4)
• Chemical when added to blood will prevent or delay coagulation
• Can come as liquid or powder form in tubes |
| SYRINGE SIZES | o 1cc, 3cc, 6cc, 12cc, 35cc, 60cc |
| BIRD BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | right jugular vein (left is smaller), medial metatarsal vein, wing vein (cutaneous ulnar vein) |
| PCV IS: | PACK CELL VOLUME: 50% of your blood is cells (RBC) |
| GREEN TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | heparin (sodium or lithium)
o One of the most common tubes
o Not routine in CBC = clumps WBC
o Not used for staining
o Birds, reptiles, fish = RBC have nucleolus so the cell will not lyse |
| NEEDLES | • Length ½” to 2”
• Size range: 14g to 30g (smaller #, bigger the needle)
• Don’t use smaller than 25g needle – this will cause hemolysis (lyse blood cells) |
| GRAY TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | contains anticoagulant and glycolytic inhibitor (prevents breakdown of glucose)
o Sodium fluoride |
| PORCINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Ear
o Thoracic Inlet – anterior vena cava |
| NEEDLE SIZES | o 18g – green monoject – pink B-D
o 20g – pink monoject – yellow B-D
o 21g – lavender monoject – green B-D
o 22g – blue monoject – black B-D
o 23g – orange monoject – teal B-D
o 25g – red monoject – blue B-D |
| OVINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular
o Cephalic
o Saphenous |
| RODENT BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | lateral saphenous, venous sinus (behind eye), tail vein, submandibular, direct cardiac puncture |
| FELINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular
o Cephalic
o Medial Saphenous |
| LAVENDER TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | Contains EDTA
o Use for CBC
o Good for staining
o Cells will shrink (crenation) in here if too little blood (due to salt in EDTA) |
| LIGHT BLUE TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | buffered sodium citrate (just delays the clotting)
o Used for clotting study |
| RED TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | NO ADDITIVE |
| EQUINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular vein
o Facial vein |
| FERRET BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | cranial vena cava, ventral tail vein |
| RABBIT BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | lateral saphenous, lateral ear vein (not preferred due to hematoma forming), cephalic vein, not jugular because of dewlap |
| VACUTAINER SYSTEM | • Three parts:
o Double ended needle
o Plastic sleeve
o Vacuum tube |
| EXOTICS BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Lizards: ventral to tail vein
o Tortoise/Turtle: venous sinus
o Snakes: direct cardiac puncture |
| BOVINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular vein
o Coccygeal vein
o Mammary – has a higher natural level of calcium – LAST RESORT |
| CAPRINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular
o Cephalic
o Saphenous |
| YELLOW TOP BLOOD COLLECTION TUBE | ACD: Acid Citrate Dextrose
o ACD used all the time when doing blood transfusions |
| MAXIMUM BLOOD COLLECTION SHOULD NOT EXCEED: | 25% of Body Weight
o Birds – only 1% of BW |
| SYRINGE TIPS | o Luer (needle slips on), luer lock (needle screws on), catheter (shaped like a cone), curved (can feed animals with this, flush wounds)
o Location of the tip can be: Central vs. eccentric |
| CANINE BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | o Jugular
o Cephalic
o Lateral Saphenous |
| BLOOD COLLECTION INVOLVES: | • Serum/plasma/whole blood
• Animal
• Needle
• Syringe
• Vacutainer |
| SMALL ANIMAL BLOOD COLLECTION SITES | JUGULAR |
| BLOOD DRAW TECHNIQUE | • Choose tube, needle, syringe
• Label tube(s)
• Proper restraint
• Locate vein
• Insert needle bevel up
• Draw back on plunger
• Place blood in tube gently – remove top of tube and needle and drip the blood into the tube – this prevents lysis |
