| Question | Answer |
| Cell Wall | A structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell. [found in: plants, fungi, bacteria, algae] |
| Cell Membrane | A protective layer that covers the cell's surface and controls what moves in and out of the cell. [in ALL cells] |
| Cytoplasm | The fluid, jelly-like substance that fills the cell. It's mostly made of water. [in ALL cells] |
| Nucleus | A large organelle in a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell's DNA/chromosomes/genetic material. |
| Chloroplast | Organelles in plant cells that trap sunlight; organelle in which photosynthesis takes place. [CO2 + H2O + sunlight --> sugar] |
| Chromosome | Structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells made of DNA (--> which has instructions for making proteins) [DNA in ALL cells] |
| Ribosome | An organelle that makes proteins. [in ALL cells] |
| Lysosome | The organelle that digests food particles, wastes, cell parts, and foreign invaders. Found in animal cells and NOT plant cells. |
| Mitochondria | The organelles that that break down food/sugar to release energy [sugar + oxygen --> ENERGY + CO2 + H2O] |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The organelle that transports proteins around the cell. |
| Golgi Body | The organelle that packages proteins before they leave the cell. |
| Vacuole | The organelle that stores water and other materials. It is very large in plant cells. |
| Nucleolus | A darkened area inside the nucleus which stores materials that will be used to make ribosomes. |
| prokaryote | a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles [example: bacteria, algae] |
| eukaryote | an organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus [examples: animals, plants, fungi, protists] |
| organelle | a small body in a cell's cytoplasm that is specialized to perform a specific function (EX: nucleus, Golgi, ribosome, etc.) |
