| Term | Definition |
| Industrial Revolution | shift in the economy from agricultural to manufacturing |
| Vanderbilt | Made his fortune in RAILROADS |
| Rockefeller | His Standard Oil Company had a monopoly on the OIL industry |
| Carnegie | Used the Bessemer process to make millions from STEEL |
| capitalists | those who invest in businesses and run them for profit |
| laissez-faire | "let it alone" policy of government/economy |
| yellow journalism | sensationalized reporting; used during the Spanish-American War |
| USS Maine | US ship that was protecting Cuba and was thought to have been blown up by the Spanish, prompting war |
| Spanish American War | "Splendid Little War" that ended in 10 weeks and resulted in the US gaining territories of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines |
| imperialism | increasing a nation's power by gaining control over other countries |
| deflation | falling prices |
| cotton | Southern crop that declined in value and was overproduced |
| gold standard | gold is used o set the value of all money |
| phosphate | material that was mined in SC and used for fertilizer |
| textiles | items made of cloth (thread, clothing, towels, sheets, etc.) |
| mill village | community where factory workers lived, often on the edge of streams |
| resort towns | Southern cities that Northerners visited to get away and enjoy the fresh air |
| Bourbons | Political group who wanted to redeem SC to the "good old days" before the Civil War |
| Wade Hampton III | Democrat who was SC governor and US Senator and passed the Eight Box Law to disfranchise the black vote |
| convict lease system | made prisons pay for themselves by having prisoners work (railroads, mining, plantations, etc.) |
| Tillman | farmer who was supported by the Populist Party |
| Populism | the "common people" including farmers and factory workers |
| Clemson | College created for agriculture |
| Winthrop | Female college created for teaching |
| Dispensary | SC state government monopoly of liquor sales |
| prohibition | outlawing of all alcoholic beverages |
| Constitution of 1895 | Document that outlines the government for SC; written by Tillman and intended to prevent blacks from voting |
| segregation | separation of the races |
| Plessy vs. Ferguson | 1896 Supreme Court case that ruled "separate but equal" was legal |
| Jim Crow system | Segregation and discrimination that began in the late 1800s |
