| Question | Answer |
| Electrolyte?
weakness
depression/anxiety
lethargy
confusion
vomiting
anorexia | Hyponatremia |
| Electrolyte?
decreased skin turgor
decreased reflexes
tachycardia
weak thready pulse
HTN or hypotension
decreased salivation
thirst
agitation
seizures | Hypernatremia |
| Electrolyte?
postural hypotension
m/w
increased sensitivity to digitalis toxicity
anorexia
n/v
muscle cramps
confusion
Paresthesias | Hypokalemia |
| Electrolyte?
m/w
dizziness
n/v
intestinal cramping
Paresthesia | Hyperkalemia |
| Electrolyte?
Body wide cramps (tetany
laryngeal spasms
Paresthesia
Hyperactive reflexes
Positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's sign
Hypotension
seizure | Hypocalcemia |
| Electrolyte?
decreased muscle excitability
ataxia
loss of muscle tone
HTN
Anorexia
Constipation | Hypercalcemia |
| Respiratory Compensation due to excess H+ or lack of base... Respirations increase in depth and rate to blow off C02 | Metabolic Acidosis |
| Respiratory Compensation due to excess base or lack of acid... Respirations slow down to increase C02 retention | Metabolic Alkalosis |
| Renal compensation due to excess C02 has accumulated which is generating H+.... Kidneys attempt to excrete H+ and conserve HCo3- | Respiratory Acidosis |
| Renal Compensation due to lungs blow off too much C02 creating less H+ in blood..... Kidneys attempt to retain H+ and excrete HC03. | Respiratory Alkalosis |
| All the IGs (B cells) are part of this system? | Adaptive immune system - 2nd line of defense |
| Skin/gi system, mucous membranes make up this defense system? | Innate system--- 1st line of defense from pathogens |
| untreated acidosis can lead to what electrolyte imbalance? | HYPERkalemia |
| Changes that occur due to normal growth... is it pathological or Physiological | Physiological |
| Changes that occur due to disease or stress is that pathological or physiological | Pathological |
| What type of skin Cancer?
most common
small dome shape
pearly- shiny transulcent
superficial telangectasias vessels | Basal Cell |
| What type of skin CA?
red crusty
scaly patch
firm red nodule | Squamous cell |
| What type of skin CA?
black/brown/pink/red/blue/white
usually develop from a moe | Melanoma |
| Pulmonary HTN causes this....
s/sx
difficulty breathing with exercise/exertion
chest pain
swelling | Cor Pulmonale |
| Fast heart rate, palpitations, SOB, weakness is what? | A FIB |
| ______________ is a clot that forms... and a ________________ is anything carried in the blood stream | Thrombus/embolus |
| Anemia?
caused from trauma/severe GI bleed. Loss of large amounts of blood | Rapid Blood loss |
| Anemia?
Caused by gradual slow loss from GI or heavy menses... colon CA | Chronic BLood loss |
| Anemia?
Caused Vit B12 deficiency | Pernicious Anemia |
| Anemia?
most common
occurs when there is inadequate reserves of iron in the body | Iron deficiency anemia |
| Anemia?
Folic acid inadequate stores | Folic acid anemia |
| Anemia?
deficiency of all cells production from bone marrow especially RBC production | Aplastic anemia |
| Anemia?
genetic disorder RBC's are polarized or clump.. shape can block organs tissue | Sickle Cell anemia |
| Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Acute Myelogenous Leukemia, Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma | WBC disorders |
| What WBC disorder is this?
painless enlarged lymph node, spleenomegly, hepatomegaly, lymphedema, nerve impingement sensory loss of extremity.... has fever, chills, weight loss, fatigue, lymph blockage with lymphedema or numbness/tingling from enlarged lymph nodes. | Non Hodgkins Lymphoma |
| What WBC disorder is this?
Pharyngeal edema, painless enlarged lymph nodes, s/sx of infection, splenomegaly, enlarged thymus, sorethroat, fever, trouble swallowing, SOB, ABD pain, characterized by the development of binucleate Reed-Sternberg cells | Hodgkin's Lymphoma |
| Acute Rhinitis, Acute Pharyngitis, Acute Sinusitis,Acute Tonsillitis, Epigolttitis, Laryngitis, Tracheitis, Croup | Upper Respiratory Infections |
| Acute Bronchitis, PNA, Lung Abscess, Tuberculosis, | Lower Respiratory Infections |
| Respiratory condition?
complicated by treatment resistant bronchospasm
wheezes/cough/dyspnea/chest tightness
chronic inflammatory disorder caused by reversible bronchospasm because of bronchial hyperreactivity. | Asthma |
| Respiratory condition?
Combo of emphysema, chronic bronchitis, asthma... excessive mucous, edema, fibrosis of the bronchioles. loss of lung recoil, smooth muscle hypertrophy | COPD |
| Respriatory condition?
abnormal collection of fluid in the plueral cavity. fluid collection caused by heart failure, severe pulmonary infection or cancer.
s/sx lack of breath sounds over the affected area, pleuritic chest pain | Pleural Effusion |
| Respiratory Condition?
Coal dust stimulates inflammatory reaction in lungs
gray sputum, lungs become fibrotic, leads to lung necrosis | Coal miner's pneumoconiosis |
| GI disorder?
inflammation of any part of the GI tract from mouth to anus.
cobblestone appearance, involves whole thickness of intestinal wall.
s/sx chronic diarrhea with bleeding or mucous could have anal fistulas | Crohn's |
| GI disorder?
Inflammation of the large bowel and involves the mucosal layer of the intestine. granulation tissue with formation of growths and pseudo polyps.
s/sx of chronic diarrhea with bleeding or mucous
malabsorption with weight loss | Ulcerative Collitis |
| GI disorder?
Alteration in GI motility. acute or chronic colicky abd pain. constipation or diarrhea | IBS |
| GI disorder?
weakness of the bowel which allows protrusions of small outpouchings.
s/sx Pain/tenderness LLQ, episodic or steady pain OR acute pain, fever/constipation/diarrhea
pain relief after bowel movement
no barium enema or colonoscopy due to may cause perforation or hemorrhage | Diverticular Disease |
| What cancer?
hematuria, flank pain, ABD pain, weight loss, caused by obesity, nicotine dependance, cystic kidney disease | Renal CA |
| What Cancer?
Painless palpable solitary thyroid nodule, dysphagia possible | Thyroid CA |
| What cancer?
treatment is with cryotherapy | Prostate CA |
| What cancer?
characteried of pallar, ascites, cachexia, hepatomegaly... | Colon CA |
