ADN 2 CH 19 (GLOSSARY)
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| anesthesia: | a state of narcosis, analgesia, relaxation, and
loss of reflexes
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| anesthesiologist: | physician trained to deliver anesthesia
and to monitor the patient’s condition during surgery
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| anesthetic agent: | the substance, such as a chemical or
gas, used to induce anesthesia
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| anesthetist: | health care professional, such as a nurse
anesthetist, who is trained to deliver anesthesia and to
monitor the patient’s condition during surgery
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| circulating nurse (or circulator): | registered nurse who coordinates
and documents patient care in the operating
room
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| epidural anesthesia: | state of narcosis, analgesia, relaxation,
and loss of reflexes achieved by injecting an anesthetic
agent into the epidural space of the spinal cord
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| general anesthesia: | state of narcosis, analgesia,
relaxation, and loss of reflexes produced by pharmacologic
agents
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| local anesthesia: | injection of a solution containing the
anesthetic agent into the tissues at the planned incision
site
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| malignant hyperthermia: (often inherited as N autosomal dominant disorder) (eventually leading to circulatory collapse and death if untreated.) | rare life-threatening condition
triggered by exposure 2 most anesthetic agents inducing
a drastic N uncontrolled increase in skeletal muscle
oxidative metabolism. can overwhelm body’s
capacity 2 supply O2 remove CO2, N regulate body temp.
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| moderate sedation: | previously referred to as conscious
sedation, involves use of sedation to depress the level
of consciousness without altering the patient’s ability to
maintain a patent airway and to respond to physical
stimuli and verbal commands
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| monitored anesthesia care: | moderate sedation administered
by an anesthesiologist or anesthetist
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| regional anesthesia: | an anesthetic agent is injected around
nerves so that the area supplied by these nerves is anesthetized
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| restricted zone: | area in the operating room where scrub
attire and surgical masks are required; includes operating
room and sterile core areas
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| scrub role: | gistered nurse, licensed practical nurse, or
surgical technologist who scrubs and dons sterile surgical
attire, prepares instruments and supplies, and hands
instruments to the surgeon during the procedure
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| semirestricted zone: | area in the operating room where
scrub attire is required; may include areas where surgical
instruments are processed
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| spinal anesthesia: | achieved when a local anesthetic agent
is introduced into the subarachnoid space of the spinal
cord
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| surgical asepsis: | absence of microorganisms in the surgical
environment to reduce the risk for infection
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| unrestricted zone: | area in the operating room that
interfaces with other departments; includes patient reception
area and holding area
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