Questions for the COTA exam
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| Line bisection is used to evaluate what? | Unilateral neglect
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| What is remote memory | the ability to recall events from one's distant past. Commonly assessed through verbal interviews and informal testing, such as a question about an individual's recall of childhood.
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| What is Somatosensory | sensory system comprising the receptors and processing centers to produce sensory modalities like touch, temperature, proprioception, and nociception (pain)
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| Individuals that function at a cognitive level 4 are able to demonstrate directions presented in how many steps? They find it easier to do what? | One step at a time; easier copy samples than to follow directions or diagrams
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| Side-lying is a good position for children whose muscle tone becomes what in what position? | High/low in prone/supine
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| How large of a space does a door need to be able to allow a w/c to be maneuvered around the door? | 5x5'
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| How can a 3-jaw chuck be measured? | a pinch meter
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| Athetoid CP is characterized by what | widely fluctuating tone
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| Anterograde amnesia | the inability to recall events after a trauma
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| Retrograde amnesia | the inability to recall events prior to trauma
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| What is a primary factor for frequent readmission for individuals with psychiatric conditions? | Medication noncompliance
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| What is the correct position of an adult's hand for feeding a child from their side? | controlling jaw opening/closing with index and middle finger and placing your thumb on the check
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| Symptoms of shunt malfunction | seizures, headaches, vomiting, irritability, "sunken" appearance of eyes w/o fever
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| Symptoms of tethered cord? | Difficulties with bowels, bladder, gait disturbance, foot deformities
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| What do Buddy straps provide | passive ROM to injured finger
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| What does reinforcing group norms do? | increases group cohesiveness
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| Cold stimulation to the inferior faucial arches does what | elicits a swallow reflex
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| Boutonniere's deformity is caused by what | lengthening or rupture of the extensor digitorum communis tendon
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| Cataracts loses what part of vision first | central
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| What can walking a tongue depressor from the front of the tongue to the back of the tongue help decrease | gag reflex
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| Biofeedback is a technique where electrodes are used to measure what | muscle responses to stress levels
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| What can firm seats provide | stability and a solid base for seating systems that can be used to prevent decubiti, contractures and deformities, and to increase sitting tolerance, proper positioning and functional abilities
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| A blocked catheter can cause what | autonomic dysreflexia
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| Max height for countertops is what | 31 inches
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| How long after an electroconvulsive treatment can an individual engage in a structured task | 6 hours
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| an overhead suspension sling is best suited for individuals presenting proximal weakness with msucles between what grades? | 1-3
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| What does Medicare cover? what do they not cover? | A 3-in-1 commode is reimbursable by medicare. Medicare does not covered any equipment that can be useful to individuals without a disability (raised toilet seat, grab bars, non-skid mats)
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| What is validation therapy? | an approach to working with individuals with dementia founded on the principle that the unspoken message an individual conveys in his/her speech are more important than the actual content of the speech
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| What activities are indicated for both acute and chronic phases of RA | AROM
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| What do elbow lock splints stabilize | Elbow lock splint stabilizes the elbow to enable the individual to position the hand closer to or away from his/her body for functional use
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| Classic Ayres SI treatment is based on what principle | inner drive and active involvement of the child
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| Signs of heat stroke | skin that is hot, dry, and red and labored breathing. It can be fatal to an elderly person.
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| What can begin 6 weeks after rotator cuff surgery | Strengthening should begin with isometrics at 6 weeks and then progress to isotonics after rotator cuff surgery.
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| A dynamic extension splint is used for what | low level radial nerve injuries to facilitate healing.
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| Regarding vision, individuals with MS often experience | visual difficulties, including partial blindness, nystagmus, eye pain, and/or diplopia
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| Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) is a technique which involves what? | use of diagonal patterns of movement and involves rotational trunk movement
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| Utilization review is a plan to review what? | the use of resources within a facility to determine medical necessity and cost efficiency.
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| Instrumental groups help individuals function at | their highest possible level for as long as possible. i.e. for people with dementia
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| Parnate | has serious side effects when a person eats foods that contain the amino acid tyramine
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| What is the development of play and years | exploratory (0-2); symbolic (2-4); creative (4-7); games (7-12)
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| Facilitate swallow by lip closure by | placement and slight downward pressure of the spoon on the middle aspect of the tongue
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| Facilitate chewing by placement of foods, | between gum and teeth
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| Boutinniere's | pip flexion and dip hyperextension
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| Swan neck | pip hyperextension and dip flexion
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| Class 1 heart disease Max MET | 6.5 (ice skating, aerobics, basketball)
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| Class 2 heart disease Max MET | 4.5 (calisthenics, volleyball)
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| Class 3 heart disease Max MET | 3.0 (domestic work, raking leaves)
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| Class 4 heart disease Max MET | 1.5 (standing, driving, sedentary activity)
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| Spinal cord injuries are tested ____ to ____ | proximal to distal
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| Peripheral nerve injuries are tested ___ to ___ | distal to proximal
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| Isometrics are contrindicated for people with ____ and ____ | hypertension and CV problems
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| 5 levels of group interaction | parallel, project, egocentric cooperative; cooperative; mature
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| 4 ways to know if there is a swallowing problem | person coughs after thin liquids; person's face changes color; gasps for air; swallowing assessment
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| What is hypervigilance? | Excessive attention and alertness that guards against potential danger
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| What is labile affect | rapid and abrupt changes in affect
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| Rood's pattern sequence | supine withdrawal, rollover, prone extension, neck co-contraction, prone on elbows, quadruped, standing, walking
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| When should you use general verbal cues (not specific); decrease manipulation demands; provide hand-over-hand input and utilize visual cues | motor/ideomotor apraxia
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| When should you provide step by step instruction, hand-over hand; and provide opportunities for motor planning and motor execution | ideational apraxia
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| when should you use bilateral activities; guide the affected side through the activity; increase sensory stim to the affected side | body neglect
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| when should you decrease external auditory stimuli; give increased response time; use visual cues; use concise sentences; investigate augmentative communication devices | aphasia
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| How do you manage manic or monopolizing behavior | select or design highly structured activities; thank the individual for their participation an redirect them
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| What is the min clearance for doorways | 32 (36 is ideal)
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| Hallways should be ___ wide | 36"
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| The max height for countertops should be | 31"
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| Wraparound, arm rests (space savers) reduces the overall width of the chair by | 1"
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| What do arm troughs do | position and support a flaccid UE and prevent edema through elevation
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| What's the standard height of a W/C | 20"
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| What kind of activities will benefit someone with complex regional pain syndrome, type I | weight bearing activities
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| Akathisia | s a syndrome characterized by unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness that manifests itself with an inability to sit still or remain motionless; side effect of medication or Parkinson's
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