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Int. Business Vocab Ch 2

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Term
Definition
absolute advantage   a situation that exists when a country can produce a good or service at a lower cost than other countries  
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balance of trade   the difference between a country's exports & imports  
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command economy   the situation where the government or a central-planning committee regulates the amount, distribution, & price of everything produced  
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comparative advantage   a situation that exists when a country specializes in the production of a good or service at which it is relatively more efficient  
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consumer price index (CPI)   the monthly United States federal government report on inflation  
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demand   the relationship between the amount of a good or service that consumers are willing & able to purchase & the price  
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developing country   a country evolving from less developed to industrial  
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economics   the study of how people choose to use limited resources to satisfy their unlimited wants & needs  
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economic system   the method a country uses to answer the basic economic questions  
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factors of production   the three types of resources used to produce goods & services  
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foreign debt   the amount a country owes to other countries  
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foreign exchange rate   the value of one country's money in relation to the value of the money of another country  
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gross domestic product (GDP)   a measure of the output of a country within its borders, including items produced with foreign resources  
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gross national product (GNP)   a measure of the total value of all goods & services produced by the resources of a country  
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industrialized country   a country with strong business activity that is usually the results of advanced technology & a highly educated population  
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inflation   an increase in the average prices of goods & services in a country  
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infrastructure   a nation's transportation, communication, & utility systems  
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less-developed country (LDC)   a country with little economic wealth & an emphasis on agriculture or mining  
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market economy   the situation where individual companies & consumers make the decisions about what, how, & for whom items will be produced  
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market price   the point at which supply & demand cross  
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mixed economy   the situation with a blend between government involvement in business & private ownership  
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opportunity cost   the most attractive alternative given up when a choice is made  
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privitization   the process of changing an industry from publicly to privately owned  
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scarcity   the limited resources available to satisfy the unlimited needs & wants of people  
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supply   the relationship between the amount of a good or service that businesses are willing & able to make available & price  
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