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AP Human Language

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Term
Definition
Isolated language   A language that is unrelated to any other language and is unattached from any language family.  
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Language   A system of communication meant to express things. Often used in a homogeneous group of people.  
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Language Branch   A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago. Differences, while prevalent, aren't extensive.  
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Language Family   A collection of languages related to each other trough a common ancestor predating recorded history.  
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Language Group   A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in relatively few years and displays fewer differences.  
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Lingua Franca   The language of common trade and international business.  
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Literary Tradition   A verbal and written language.  
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Official Language   The language used in conducting governmental business and publication of documents.  
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Pidgin Language   A form of speech that adopts simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of the lingua franca. Used for communications among speakers of two different languages.  
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Spanglish   Combination of Spanish and English.  
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Franglish   Combination of French and English.  
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Denglish   Combination of German and English.  
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Standard Language   The form of a language used for official governmental business, education, and mass communication.  
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Vulgar Latin   A form of Latin used in daily conversation by ancient Romans as opposed to the standard dialect, used in official documents.  
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Ideograms   Representation of ideas or concepts, not specific pronunciations.  
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Isogloss   Dialect boundaries.  
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Dialect   Regional variation of language distinguished by vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling.  
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