A&P Ch.4 WSU Winter 2014
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| where is Epithelial tissue found? | epidermis, inner linning of digestive tract, liver and other glands
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| function of Epithelial tissue | protection, secretion and absorption
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| whats on the lateral surface of the epithelial tissue? | 1.occluding/tight junction
2.Gap junction
3.Desmosomes, macula adherance.
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| what is the function of Occulding tight junction? | connection between 2 plasma membranes, Adhesion belt attaches to terminal web, prevent passage of water, and isolate waste in lumen.
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| what is the function of rapid communication? | 1.allow rapid communication.
2.held together by channel proteins
3.allow ions to pass
4.coordinate contractions in heart muscles.
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| What is the function of macula adherence? | 1.CAMS, Dense, and intracellular cement/
2.spot desmosomes: ties cell together, and allow bending and twisting.
3.hemidesmosomes: attach cell to basal lamina.
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| location of simple squamous | 1.mesothelia lining of ventral body cavity. 2.endothelia lining of heart and blood vessels.
3.portion of kidneys and aveoli of lungs.
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| function of simple squamous | reduce friction, control vessel permeability, absorption and secretion.
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| location of stratified squamous | 1.surface of skin
2.lining of mouth, throat, esophagus, rectum, anus, and vagina
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| function of stratified squamous | physical protection against absorption, pathogens, and chemical attack
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| location of simple cuboidal | glands, ducts, portion of kidney tubules, and thyroid gland.
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| function of simple cuboidal | limited protection, secretion, and absorption
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| location of stratified cuboidal | linning of some ducts ( rare.)
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| function of stratified cuboidal | protection, secretion and absorption.
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| location of transitional | urinary bladder, renal pelvis, and ureters
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| function of transitional | permits stretching and recoils after
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| location of simple columnar | lining of stomach, intestine, gallbladder, and uterine tubes, and collection ducts of kidney.
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| function of simple columnar | protection absorption and secretion
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| location of stratified columnar | small area of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary gland, gland ducts and urethra.
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| function of stratified columnar | protection
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| location of pseudo stratified | lining of nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi. portion of male reproduction tract.
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| function of pseudo stratified | Protection, secretion, and move mucus with cilia.
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| types of glandular epithelial | endocrine, and exocrine
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| what are the modes of secretion in exocrine | merocine, apocrine, and holocrine.
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| merocine | mucus secretion salivary gland
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| apocrine | milk secretion from mammary gland
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| holocrine | Sebaceous gland: oil producing.
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| what are the types of secretion in exocrine | serous, mucous, mixed
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| serous | enzymes ex. paroited gland
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| mucous | mucins. ex. sublingual gland
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| mixed | serous and mucous. ex. submandibula, and submaxillary glands.
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| connective tissue classification. | proper, fluid, and supporting.
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| proper | 1.lose: areolar, adipose, and reticular
2.dense: regular, irregular, and elastic
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| fluid | blood and lymph
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| supporting | 1.cartilage: Hyaline, elastic, and fibrous.
2.Bone.
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| fibroblast | most abundant, found in all proper connective tissue, Secrete proteins and hyaluronan (cell cement.)
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| fibrocytes | 2nd most abundant, found in all connective proper, maintain fibers of connective tissue.
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| adipocytes | fat cells
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| mesenchymal cells | stem cells that respond to injury or infection, differentiate into fibroblast, and macrophages.
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| mast cells | stimulate inflammation after injury or infection by releasing histamine and heparin.
ex. basophils
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| macrophages | large amoeba-like cells of the immune system. eat damaged and pathogen cells. some are fixed that stay in tissue, some are free that migrate.
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| lymphocytes | specialized immune cells, ex. plasma cells that produce antibodies.
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| microphages | phagocytic blood cells, respond to macrophages and mast cells. ex. neutrophils and eosinophils
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| melanocytes | sythesis and stores brown pigment called melanin
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| collagen fiber | most common fiber. long, straight, and unbranched. strong and flexible. resist force in one direction. ex. tendons and ligaments.
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| elastic fibers | has elastin. branched and wavy. return to original length after stretching. ex. elastic ligaments of vertebrae
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| reticular fibers | network of interwoven fibers (stroma). stong and flexible. resist force in many direction. stabilize function cells and structure (parachyma). ex. sheaths around organs.
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| ground substance | clear, colorless, and viscous. fills space and slows pathogens.
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| Aerolar tissue | least specialized, open framework, viscous, elastic fibers, holds blood vessels and capillary beds. EX. subcutaneous layer under skin.
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| Adipose | 1.White fats: most common, stores fats, absorbs shocks, and insulation.
2.brown fats: vascularized, many mitochondria, when stimulated fats breakdown releasing energy, absorbs energy from surrounding tissue.
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| Reticular | 1.Stroma: reticular fibers. framework of organs
2.parenchyma: functional cells of organ.
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| location of reticular | liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.
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| function of reticular | supporting framework
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| location of dense regular tissue | between skeltal muscles and skelton.(tendons and aponerouses). covers skelton.
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| function of dense regular tissue | firm attachment, conducts pull of muscles, reduce friction between muscles, stabilize relative positions of bone.
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| location of dense irregular tissue | capsules of visceral organs, periostea, and perichondrea. nerv and muscle sheaths: dermis
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| function of dense irregular tissue | provide resistance to pull from many directions, prevent overexpansion of organs
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| location of elastic tissue | between vertebrea colums. supports penis and transitional epithelia, in blood vessel walls.
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| function of elastic tissue | stabilize position of vertabrea and penis, cushions shocks, permits expansion and contraction of organs.
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| lymphocytes | not common in blood, fluid CT.
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| eoisinphils and neutrophills | phagocytes
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| basophil | promotes inflammation like mastcells
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| platlets | promote blood clotting
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| proteglycan | matrix in cartilage made of protein and chondroitin sulfate
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| collagen fibers | cartilage matrix
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| Hyaline cartilage | between tips of ribs and bones of sternum. supports larynx (voice box, trachea, and bronchi.
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| Elastic cartilage | aurical of ear, epiglottis, auditory canal. provides support, tolerates distortion and returns to original shape.
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| fibrocartilage | between knee joints, pubic bone and pelvis, invertabral discs, prevents bone to bone contact.
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| 4 types of membranes | mucus, serous, cutaneous, synovial
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