Chp. 13
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| What was the group of Americans who supported the idea of sending African Americans back to Africa? | American Colonization Society (ACS)
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| Benjamin Baneker wrote the ___. | almanac
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| Who wrote an almanac? | Benjamin Baneker
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| Where did the members of the ACS persuade thousands of slaves to go? | Liberia
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| Who was the first AA novelist and playwright? | William Wells Brown
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| Who was William Wells Brown? | The first AA novelist and playwright
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| Where were most free AA located? | The North
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| What did Lewis Temple invent? | a harpoon for whaling
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| What kind of discrimination did northern and southern blacks face? | Kept from voting and serving on juries, banned from schools in many states, forced to enjoy entertainment and luxuries in separate locations away from whites.
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| Who established a school for free blacks with math, literature, science, geography, zoology, reading, and writing? | Daniel A. Payne
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| What were the effects of the cotton gin? | Caused farmers to plant and harvest more cotton, created the northern cotton cloth industry, and protected the institution of slavery.
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| How many blacks were free in the south? | 100,000
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| Explain the rise of cotton's influence in America. | It provided a cheaper alternative to Egyptian cotton and could provide work year round for slaves; it boosted the southern economy and eventually contributed to the entire US economy.
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| Who invented the cotton gin? | Eli Whitney
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| What did Eli Whitney invent? | The cotton gin
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| Explain how slaves ate, what they wore, and how they lived. | Diet: corn, pork fat, and molasses; also fish and veg. from their own gardens Clothing: overalls, cotton and woolen shirts, heavy work shoes, and a hat Living: small cabins with a fireplace for cooking and heating, most has earthen floors, open windows
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| What was known as the peculiar institution? | slavery
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| How did southern whites try to justify slavery? | They said it was vital to our economy; slaves lived better than free blacks or immigrants in cities, and were better fed and clothed than workers in northern factories.
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| Who were abolitionists? | People opposed to slavery and believed in the idea of freedom for all.
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| What were some resources abolitionists used to argue their beliefs? | The Declaration of Independence and their religious beliefs.
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| Who was the editor of Lundy's newspaper and founded the American Anti-Slavery Society? | William Lloyd Garrison
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| William Lloyd Garrison wrote ___ ___. | The Liberator
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| Who wrote The Liberator? | William Lloyd Garrison
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| What is emancipation? | freedom
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| Discuss Nat Turner's rebellion. | Very religious man who murdered 57 people before being captured in VG; this led to the creation of stricter laws on blacks in the South from being educated.
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| Who was Paul Cuffe? | Free black abolitionist who favored the return to Africa as a means of freedom from bondage.
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| Who was a former slave who became a conductor on the Underground Railroad who helped close to 300 people gain freedom from slavery? | Harriet Tubman
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| What was the Underground Railroad? | It was an informal organization that helped slaves make their way to Canada.
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| What were differences in the way southerners and northerners viewed slavery? | Northerners thought it was sinful and unlawful and didn't want it to spread. Southerners wanted to take slaves into free territories and supported slavery.
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| What were the two states admitted into the Union directly and how did they do it? | Texas and California; They met the population requirement.
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| What was the Wilmot Proviso? | A failed proposal presented to prohibit slavery in any land gained from Mexico.
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| What was the failed proposal presented in 1848 to prohibit slavery in any land gained from Mexico? | The Wilmot Proviso
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| What was the Compromise of 1850? | The resolution that temporarily settled disputes between the North and South over slavery issues.
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| What was the Great Compromise? | A plan made by Henry Clay to admit California as a free state, leave Utah and New Mexico to popular sovereignty, give Texas $10M to pay off debt, prohibit slave trade in DC, and pass a new Fugitive Slave Act.
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| Who was Millard Fillmore? | The vice president that became president when Zachary Taylor died during his term as President.
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| What was the Free-Soil party? | A political party who opposed popular sovereignty.
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| What was the Missouri Compromise? | An act making Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state.
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| What was the act making Missouri a slave state and Maine a free state? | The Missouri Compromise.
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