CNS, Urinary, Abdomen & Reproductive
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| show | aneurysm
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| What are some causes of an aneurysm? | show 🗑
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| show | MRI, CT, ultrasound
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| What are some treatment options for an aneurysm? | show 🗑
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| show | dermoid cyst
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| What kind of cyst is one that is lined on the inside with hairy skin? | show 🗑
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| In what location are dermoid cysts common to occur at? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for a dermoid cyst? | show 🗑
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| show | maintains homeostasis by filtering the blood & waste products are eliminated through the kidneys
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| show | intravenous pyelogram
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| show | intravenous urography
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| show | excretory function: kidney filling, filtration, and excretion
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| show | bifid/ duplicating collecting systems; can be bilateral or unilateral
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| What is the agenesis of a kidney? | show 🗑
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| If there is agenesis of a kidney is there agenesis of the ureter too? | show 🗑
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| show | nothing; one can survive with one kidney
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| What is the congenital deformity when the kidneys are fused at the poles? | show 🗑
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| show | urinary obstruction, stone formation, vesicoureteral reflux, infection, trauma, & Wilms tumor
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| What is vesicoureteral reflux? | show 🗑
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| show | hydrocephalus
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| show | *internal hydrocephalus
*external hydrocephalus
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| show | excessive cerebrospinal fluid is within the ventricles
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| show | excessive cerebrospinal fluid is in the subarachnoid space around an atrophied brain
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| show | small and underdeveloped
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| show | *blockage of the CSF flow inside of the head
*problems with the body absorbing the CSF
*over production of CSF
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| What is the most common treatment for hydrocephalus? | show 🗑
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| What is anencephaly? | show 🗑
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| What are some characteristics of an individual with anencephaly? | show 🗑
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| What is the fold of dura mater that separates the cerebral hemispheres longitudinally? | show 🗑
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| What meninge layer makes up the falx cerebri? | show 🗑
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| what is the condition called when there is excess fluid in the peritoneum? | show 🗑
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| How is prostate cancer diagnosed? | show 🗑
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| show | prostatectomy
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| What happens in brachytherapy when treating prostate cancer? | show 🗑
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| What type of imaging is used for prostate cancer? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for fibroids? | show 🗑
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| show | small benign tumors that develop in the uterus
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| What imaging is used with individuals who have fibroids? | show 🗑
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| What does -ptosis mean? | show 🗑
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| What is nephroptosis? | show 🗑
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| What does the ureter on the prolapse kidney look like normally? | show 🗑
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| T/F: nephroptosis can happen bilaterally. | show 🗑
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| show | the kidneys are in an abnormal position or place.
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| T/F: Nephroptosis is considered an ectopic kidney. | show 🗑
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| show | polycystic kidney disease
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| What is the treatment for polycystic kidney disease? | show 🗑
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| show | not completely, it has a chance of redeveloping because its a genetic disorder
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| What imaging modalities are used to diagnosis polycystic kidney disease? | show 🗑
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| show | when the kidney starts to fail
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| What is the birth defect that is an incomplete closure of the vertebral canal, usually in the lumbosacral area? | show 🗑
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| What disorder is one of the most common malformations of the spine involving the neural arch? | show 🗑
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| show | *spina bifida occulta
*spina bifida manifesta; more severe (nerve damage)
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| What is the difference between spina bifida occulta & manifesta? | show 🗑
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| What are the meninges? | show 🗑
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| show | *meningocele
*myelomeningocele
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| What is the difference between meningocele & mylomeningocele spina bifida? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for spina bifida manifesta? | show 🗑
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| Are conjoined twins identical or fraternal? | show 🗑
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| show | 1 out of 200,000 births
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| show | sirenomelia
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| show | mermaid syndrome; where an individual is born with single lower extremities
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| show | idiopathic
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| What is the treatment for sirenomelia? | show 🗑
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| What does UTI stand for? | show 🗑
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| show | UTI
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| What is the treatment for UTIs? | show 🗑
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| What percentage of kidney stones are radiodense? | show 🗑
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| show | renal calculi
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| show | *decrease in urine volume (dehydration)
*excess stone-forming substances in urine
*obstructions or inflammation
*meds
*gout or hyperparathyroidism present
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| show | *calcium; most common
*oxalate (phosphate)
*magnesium ammonium phosphate
*uric acid; gout related
*cystine
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| What is hydronephrosis? | show 🗑
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| show | women who take a daily multivitamin with B folic acid prior to and during pregnancy can reduce risk by 73%
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| show | *increase fluids to pass stone naturally
*analgesics for pain
*cystoscopic retrieval
*lithotripsy w/ or w/o laser
*chemolysis
*surgery
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| show | lithotripsy
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| show | chemolysis
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| What are some advantages to lithotripsy rather than surgery? | show 🗑
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| show | a complete or partial cast of the calyces and pelvis of the kidneys
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| How are staghorn kidney stones treated? | show 🗑
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| show | true
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| show | polycystic kidney disease is genetic but both form cysts on the kidney. renal cysts can be removed and treated unlike polycystic disease.
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| show | renal cell carcinoma
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| What is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults? | show 🗑
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| What is the prognosis of renal cell carcinoma? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for nephroblastoma? | show 🗑
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| show | wilms tumor/ nephroblastoma
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| What is urothelial carcinoma? | show 🗑
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