HCC 2008 Oxygenation, Rest and Sleep
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| show | a state of physical and mental relaxation while being awake and alert
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| show | reversible behavioral state in which perceptions of and responses to environmental stimuli are decreased
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| RAS stands for | show 🗑
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| show | awareness, consciousness, wakefulness, and arousal
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| show | wakefulness
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| show | sleep
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| show | changes in mental and physical characteristics that occur throughout a day, "biological clock"
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| How many stages of NON REM sleep are there? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. person is relaxed but still aware of surroundings 2. involuntary muscle twitching last only minutes 3. easily aroused 4. about 5% of total sleep
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| What occurs during Stage II Non REM? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Depth of sleep increases 2. arousal more difficult 3. loss of muscle tone- muscles are more relaxed 4. reflexes diminished 5. snoring occurs
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| show | 1. Greatest depth of sleep? 2. Difficult to arouse 3. Slow brain waves 4. Pulse, RR, BP, and body temp all decrease 5. Muscles are relaxed 6. Metabolism slows 7. about 10% of sleep time
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| show | 1. Pulse, BP, Temp, and metabolic rate all increase 2. eyes dart back and forth 3. RR irregular, large muscle immobility, resembling paralysis 4. Skeletal muscles tone and deep tendon reflexes are depressed 5. 20-25% of sleep 6. Dreaming
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| show | about 90 min., they lengthen closer to the morning, adults go through about 5-6 cycles a night
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| show | developmental considerations, activity, stress, motivation, cultural, nutritional, smoking, environmental, lifestyle, exercise, illness hospitalization, medications
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| Dyssomnia | show 🗑
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| Restless Leg Syndrome | show 🗑
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| Sleep Apnea | show 🗑
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| show | inability to sleep while lying down
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| show | uncontrolled episodes of sleep and drowsiness
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| Sleep Deprivation | show 🗑
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| Hypersomnia | show 🗑
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| What is a CPAP Device? | show 🗑
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| What are Parasomnias? | show 🗑
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| show | grinding of teeth during sleep
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| show | bed wetting
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| show | sleep walking
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| Talking sleep | show 🗑
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| show | usual sleep and wake times, # of hrs undisturbed sleep, quality of sleep, how does lack of sleep affect everyday living, what are the related signs and symptoms
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| What is a sleep diary? | show 🗑
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| What are some medications that promote sleep? | show 🗑
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| Airway is priority... | show 🗑
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| What are some factors affecting respiratory functioning? | show 🗑
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| What are developmental considerations for an infant | show 🗑
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| What are developmental considerations for someone over 65 yrs? | show 🗑
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| Medications that might affect respiratory functioning? | show 🗑
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| How does smoking affect respiratory functioning? | show 🗑
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| how does stress affect respiratory functioning? | show 🗑
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| how does activity affect respiratory functioning? | show 🗑
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| show | interferes with ling expansion, higher incidence of pulmonary disorders
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| show | allergens, bronchospasms, pollution- chemicals, asbestos, fumes, stay inside use AC on high pollution days, wear mask when working with fumes and dust
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| show | hyperventilation- caused by anxiety, fever... Low CO2 level-asthma, breath into a paper bag
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| What are the first symptoms of hypoxia for adults? | show 🗑
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| What are the first symptoms of hypoxia for pediatrics? | show 🗑
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| What is hypoventilation? | show 🗑
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| show | narcotic analgesics, depressed respiratory center
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| What is atelectasis? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, pnemonia, airway condition, pneumothorax
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| What is the purpose of pulmonary function tests? | show 🗑
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| What is the purpose of Sputum Analysis? | show 🗑
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| When is the best time to collect a sputum specimen? | show 🗑
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| show | a direct visualization of the body cavity
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| show | examination of the bronchi
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| What is a endoscopy/bronchoscopy used for? | show 🗑
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| What patient prep is required for an endoscopy? | show 🗑
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| What is required for post-procedure care after and endoscopy? | show 🗑
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| show | PA (posterior-anterior) and Lateral
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| show | no clothing or jewelry from waist up, client hold their breath for a clear image
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| show | Ventilation and Perfusion scan, used to identify areas of lung not receiving airflow or blood flow and to diagnose pulmonary emboli
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| What happens during a VQ scan? | show 🗑
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| What is a Thoracentesis used for? | show 🗑
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| What is the position for a thoracentesis? | show 🗑
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| show | instruct patient not to cough or deep breath during the procedure, position the patient, baseline VS and SaO2, monitor respiratory status, CXR after procedure
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| What are signs and Symptoms of Punctured lung? | show 🗑
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| show | High Fowlers; dont let patient slouch over
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| show | breath deeply enough to move bottom ribs, inspire through nose hold for 3 seconds, expire slowly through the mouth YOGA
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| show | prolonged exhailation, promotes removal of CO2, purse lips(blow out candle or whistle), inhale slowly (count to three), exhale slowly for count of 7 against pursed lips
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| show | expand diaphragm on inspiration,
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| What is splinting? | show 🗑
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| What is a Incentive Spirometry? | show 🗑
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| show | clears the airway of secretions, voluntary coughing for post-operative clients
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| What is the difference between a dry and a productive cough? | show 🗑
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| What does Suctioning do? | show 🗑
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| show | helps loosen secretions with percussion and vibration
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| What is Postural Drainage? | show 🗑
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| show | fluids help liquefy and thin secretions, meal schedule
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| show | type of device, amount; flow rate in liters per minute or percentage, frequency
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| What are some safety precautions when using oxygen? | show 🗑
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| show | flow rate 1-6 L/min, goes straight into nares and used for clients requiring low doses, does not interfere with speaking or eating, easily dislodged, can cause dryness of nasal mucosa, portable systems; used in home setting
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| show | concentration 35-60%, set low rate to at least 5L/min to prevent rebreathing exhaled air...snug fit to patients face; cover nose and mouth, disadvantages; interfere with eating and talking, need an MDs order to switch to NC while eating, pressure and mois
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| show | precise concentrations of O2, port and flow rate are adjusted to deliver prescribed concentration; ex 28% Venturi mask flow rate is set at 4L/min, adjustable ports must always remain open/uncovered
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| Partial Rebreather Mask | show 🗑
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| show | used to deliver highest concentrations of O2 for severe hypoxia, valve b/w mask and bag that closes on expiration so no exhaled air is being re-breathed, exhaled air escapes through side vents, flow rate: 15L/min concentration is up to 100%
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| How are partial rebreather and Non rebreather masks similar? | show 🗑
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| show | NRM has valve; reservoir bag remains inflated with O2...PRM has no valve; reservoir bag should deflate slightly with each inspiration
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| Metered Dose Inhaler | show 🗑
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| Instructions for a MDI... | show 🗑
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| How can you tell is an MDi is empty? | show 🗑
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| nebulizer | show 🗑
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