Advanced Pharm for Nursing Practice 3
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| show | Meds used for erectile dysfunction are also used for pulm HTN
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| show | sildenafil is Viagra for erectile dysfunction & Revatio for pulmonary HTN
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| show | Vasodilators/Erectile dysfunction generic drugs end with –AFIL
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| show | Cialis is an erectile dysfunction drug that has also been approved for tx of pullm arterial HTN
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| show | HA, flushing, nasal congestion, abnormal vision (blue-green vision); WARNING: LOSS OF VISION
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| What’s a contraindication for vasodilators/erectile dysfunction drugs? | show 🗑
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| What are the 2 groups of CCBs and what are their prototypes? | show 🗑
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| show | Verapamil is a non-dihydropyridine Ca+ channel blocker; it has the greatest affect on heart and the least affect on bld vessels
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| Diltiazem* is what type of drug? It has the greatest affect on what? And the least affect on what? | show 🗑
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| What is Nifedipine (Procardia)? | show 🗑
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| How does verapamil work? | show 🗑
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| How does diltiazem* work? | show 🗑
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| show | verapamil has the greatest affect on the heart
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| Which CCB has the greatest effect on the blood vessels? | show 🗑
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| show | leakage of Ca+ causes action potential, and when it reaches Na+ potential, there’s a spike causing action potential to go down the neuron. Blocking Ca+ channels slows the heart bc of the blocked Ca+ leakage
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| How do Ca+ channel blockers work? | show 🗑
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| How does Calcium work in contraction? | show 🗑
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| show | CCBs slow the SA node, blocking AV conduction; this more so decreases contractility (how strong it beats) more so than how fast it beats; smooth muscle is relaxed by CCBs, this lowers BP bc of vasodilation
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| show | indications for CCBs are supraventricular tachyarrythmias, Verapamil can be given IV or PO; all CCBs are useful for coronary artery vasospasm and angina; amlodipine (Norvasc) is drug most commonly used to treat primary HTN & vasospastic angina
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| Which CCB would a pt prefer between nifedipine (Procardia) vs amlodipine (Norvasc)? Why? | show 🗑
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| What are drug interactions with Verapamil? | show 🗑
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| Can verapamil be added to anti-arrythmics? | show 🗑
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| Verapamil and diltiazem of the CCB group are specifically in the what group? What types of enzymes are they? | show 🗑
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| show | grapefruit is an enzyme inhibitor; grapefruit interferes /c cytochrome 3A4, this would cause drugs that ordinarily have a low bioavailability will now have increased concentrations
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| Why is amlodipine (Norvasc) such a popular drug? | show 🗑
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| What are SE/ADR of CCBs? | show 🗑
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| Why can you get reflex tachycardia with nifedipine? | show 🗑
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| Which CCB has the least negative side effects? | show 🗑
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| How does the juxtaglomerular apparatus work in the kidneys?? When the juxtaglomerular apparatus senses a decr in the amount of bld and Na+ going through it, it will release RENIN; | show 🗑
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| How does angiotensin converting enzyme convert angiotensinogen to angiotensin? | show 🗑
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| How does Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors work? | show 🗑
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| What is the ACEI prototype? | show 🗑
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| What do ACEI generic drugs end in? | show 🗑
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| show | ACEIs inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme; it decreases the availability of angiotensin II, resulting in VASODILATION & DECR ALDOSTERONE RELEASE
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| What does angiotensin do to blood vessels? | show 🗑
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| What is bradykinin? | show 🗑
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| What is the relationship between ACEIs and bradykinin? | show 🗑
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| What are the actions of ACEIs? | show 🗑
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| What’s the indications for ACEIs? | show 🗑
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| show | 1 ACEI drug and why?
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| What’s a negative and annoying side effect of ACEIs that often causes a change in what med? | show 🗑
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| show | skin rash and dysgeusia (bad taste) (more common w/ Captopril), cough; 1st dose hypotension (start lowest dose at night in bed and titrate up); this is only a prob for hypovolemic pts
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| What are contraindications/cautions of ACEIs? | show 🗑
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| What are ACEIs interactions? | show 🗑
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| When would you put a pt on an angiotensin receptor blocker? | show 🗑
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| show | the ARB prototype is LOSARTAN* (Cozaar)
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| show | generic ARBs end with –SARTAN
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| show | The SARTAN sisters Are Real B’s [ARBs]
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| show | VALSARTAN is the most commonly prescribed angiotensin receptor blocker
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| show | angiotensin receptor blockers selectively block angiotensin I receptor sites in the adrenal medulla & prevent the release of aldosterone.
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| show | ARBs are indicated #1 for HTN and heart failure, & also to tyr and prevent diabetic nephropathy
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| What are contraindications/warnings about angiotensin receptor blockers? | show 🗑
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