Microbiology: Microbial Interaction with Humans
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| What is an organism that lives on or in another organism and causes disease? | show 🗑
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| What is normal flora? | show 🗑
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| show | Disease causing parasite
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| Opportunistic pathogen | show 🗑
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| Pathogenicity | show 🗑
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| show | Virulence
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| show | temperature, osmotic pressure, water availibility, nutrients, and oxygen availability
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| Epithelial cells have ___ to help wash away microorganisms | show 🗑
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| Where can microbes grow on the outer surfaces | show 🗑
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| show | dry and acidic
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| Eccrine glands | show 🗑
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| Apocrine glands | show 🗑
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| show | Organisms that don't grow but are contaminants
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| show | Able to grow on skin, most G+
Examples: Staphylococcus, corynebacteria, and P. acne
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| show | Breaks glycosidic linkages in peptidoglycan
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| Mouth Protection: Lactoperoxidase | show 🗑
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| Normal flora around teeth | show 🗑
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| show | Thick layer of bacteria and polymers that they secrete
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| show | 1.Deposition (settling) of glycoproteins
2.Attachment of facultative bacteria
3.Colonies form of facultative bacteria and secondary growth
4.decalcification of enamel
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| What are the facultative bacteria of the teeth? | show 🗑
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| what are the secondary growths or the teeth? | show 🗑
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| What are the two responsible bacteria causing plaque? | show 🗑
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| show | Grows in cracks/crevices between teeth. Produces a very thick glucose polymer.
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| What enzyme does S. mutans use to grow glucose polymer? | show 🗑
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| Helicobacter pylori | show 🗑
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| show | Nearest the stomach, fairly acidic, similar flora of stomach
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| show | pH is more alkaline and more bacteria; Enterococci and Lactobacilli
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| show | E. coli and Enterococcus faecalis
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| Large Intestine Obligative Anaerobes | show 🗑
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| Bioconversions in the large intestine are responsible for | show 🗑
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| What are produced in the large intestine? | show 🗑
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| show | Strep throat and flesh eating bacteria
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| show | Staph infections and boils
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| show | diphtheria
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| Steptococcus pneumoniae | show 🗑
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| show | Caused by paralysis of ciliary action by nicotine and other cytotoxins, causes accumulation of mucus and bacteria in the lower respiratory system.
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| Lactobacillus scidophilus | show 🗑
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| Onset of puberty in vagina causes secretions of | show 🗑
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| show | Organism targets specific type of tissue
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| show | Organism only infects only a certain host
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| show | Glycocalix (polysaccharides on cell surface) and fimbriae (binds to glycoproteins on cell surface- mannose)
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| Colonization factor antigen (CFA) | show 🗑
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| Enteropathogenic E. coli | show 🗑
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| Transferrin and Lactoferrin | show 🗑
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| Siderophores | show 🗑
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| show | Plasmid that carries gene for siderophore and allows bacteria to remove iron from host
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| Localization of infection | show 🗑
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| Bacteremia | show 🗑
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| Septicemia | show 🗑
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| Virulence is determined by | show 🗑
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| Clostridium tetani | show 🗑
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| show | Highly invasive and multiplies rapidly in lung tissue
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| LD50 | show 🗑
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| ID50 | show 🗑
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| show | Any extracellular proteins that are produced by pathogen and is essential for disease causing
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| show | Combines toxins, invasiveness and virulence factors to be more pathogenic
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| show | Substance having a specific toxic effect on certain cells
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| Enterotoxin | show 🗑
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| show | Toxin produced by certain bacteria and released upon destruction of bacterial cell
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| Attenuation | show 🗑
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| Hyaluronidase | show 🗑
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| Collagenase | show 🗑
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| show | Dissolves clots and allows organism to spread- used in heart attack victims
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| show | Promotes fibrin clotting and stops defense from reaching cells
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| Hemolysis | show 🗑
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| show | Lyse WBC and decrease host resistance
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| show | Protein toxins produced and released outside of the cell. Heat sensitive.
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| show | produced by C. diptheriae. Inactivates elongation factor 2 that is required in protein synthesis in eukaryotes.
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| show | Unless incorporated into gene C. diptheriae does not produce the toxin
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| show | Clostridium tetani in anaerobic wounds, potent neuortoxin by blocking the release of glycine causing spastic paralysis
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| Botulinum Toxin | show 🗑
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| Enterotoxins | show 🗑
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| show | Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, and Bacillus cereus
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| Intestinal pathogens | show 🗑
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| Cholera | show 🗑
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| show | G- bacteria produce toxic lipopolysaccharides and are cell bound, but released when cells lyse.
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| Limulus assay | show 🗑
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| show | Against a particular organism or group of organisms
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| show | against all pathogens
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| Tissue Specificity | show 🗑
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