Urban Patterns - AP Human Geography, Chapter 13, Rubenstein
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| Annexation | Legally adding land area to a city in the US
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| Census tract | An area delineated by the US Bureau of the Census for which statistics are published. In urban ares, they generally correspond to neighborhoods.
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| Central business district (CBD) | The area of a city where retail and offices activities are clustered
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| Combined statistical area (CSA) | In the US, two or more core based statistical areas that are tied together by communicating patterns
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| Concentric zone model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged in rings
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| Core based statistical area (CBSA) | In the US, a collective term for all metropolitan statistical areas and micropolitan statistical areas
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| Metropolitan statistical area | A method of measuring the functional area of a city, including an urbanized area of 50,000+ inhabitants and surrounding areas
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| Micropolitan statistical area | A smaller version of a metropolitan statistical area, featuring an urbanized area of 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants and surrounding areas
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| Council of government | An agency consisting of representatives from local governments in an area
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| Density gradient | The change in density in an urban area from the center to the periphery
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| Edge city | A large node of offices and retail activities on the edge of an urban area. Planned around freeway exits and designed for motor vehicle travel.
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| Filtering | The division of large houses previously owned by one wealthy family into smaller apartments for lower-income families
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| Food desert | An area in a developed country where healthy food is difficult to obtain
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| Gentrification | The process of converting a neighborhood from a low-income, renter-occupied area to a middle-class, owner-occupied area
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| Greenbelt | A ring of land maintained for parks, agriculture, etc. to limit suburban sprawl
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| Megalopolis | A continuous urban complex in the northeastern US, extending from north of Boston to south of D.C.
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| Multiple nuclei model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes or activities
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| Peripheral model | A model of urban areas consisting of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway/ring road. North American cities follow this model.
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| Primary census statistical areas (PCSA) | In the US, a general term for all of the combined statistical areas, metropolitan statistical areas, and micropolitan statistical areas.
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| Public housing | Housing owned by the government. In the US, it is rented by low-income individuals with a maximum rate of 30% of the family's income
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| Redlining | A process by which banks draw lines on maps and refuse to lend money to purchase or improve property within certain boundaries
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| Sector model | A model of the internal structure of cities in which social groups are arranged in a series of wedge-shaped sectors radiating from a central business district
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| Smart growth | Legislation and regulations to limit suburban sprawl and protect famland
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| Social area analysis | Statistical analysis used to identify where people of similar lifestyles, living standards, and ethnic backgrounds live within an urban area
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| Squatter settlement | An area within a city in a less-developed country in which people illegally establish residences in land they do not own or rent
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| Underclass | People in a society prevented from participating in the material benefits of a more developed society because of social and economic characteristics
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| Urban area | A dense core of census tracts, densely-settled suburbs, and low-density land that links the suburbs with the core
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| Urban cluster | In the US, an urban area with between 2,500 and 50,000 inhabitants
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| Urbanized area | In the US, an urban area with at least 50,000 inhabitants
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| Zoning ordinances | A law that limits the permitted uses of land and the maximum density of a community. Meant in part to control the location and height of skyscrapers.
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