Adult Health II
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| normal BP range | show 🗑
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| show | 120-139 S---80-89 D
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| HTN Stage 1 BP range | show 🗑
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| show | > or = 160 S---> or = 100 D
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| what is peripheral vascular resistance? | show 🗑
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| what is a stroke volume? | show 🗑
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| what is the normal cardiac output range? | show 🗑
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| what is arteriosclerosis? | show 🗑
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| what increases CO? | show 🗑
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| what increases peripheral vascular resistance? | show 🗑
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| what makes smoking a RF for HTN? | show 🗑
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| what race is at higher risk for HTN? | show 🗑
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| 25% of cardiac OP goes where? | show 🗑
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| show | renal vascular and parenchymal disease, primary aldosteronism, coarctation of the aorta. meds such as BC (estrogen), antihistamines, and erythropoetin
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| show | HA, dizziness, or fainting
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| show | take a BP reading while pt supine or sitting, then 2 min later take while standing
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| what BP reading shows orthostatic hypotension? | show 🗑
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| what diagnostic assessment indicates renal disease? | show 🗑
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| show | chest x-ray
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| show | x-ray and ECG
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| show | less than 2300mg/day
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| show | 25
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| HTN with a BMI of 25 or higher should lose weight and have a diet consisting of ___ fat, ____ sat. fat, ___ cholesterol | show 🗑
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| show | no more than 1 oz of ethanol daily= 2 oz liquor, 8 oz wine, 24 oz beer
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| show | start slow---30-45 min 3-5 times/week
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| what are 3 types of diuretics? | show 🗑
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| show | diuretics, Ca Channel Blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs
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| what is the least potent diuretic? | show 🗑
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| show | they prevent Na and water reabsorption in the DISTAL TUBULES and promote K excretion---so basically they help get rid of water, Na, and K
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| what are pt taking a thiazide diuretic at risk for? | show 🗑
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| show | hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)--Esidrix/HydroDiuril AND Chlorothiazide-- Diuril
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| what is the strongest diuretic? | show 🗑
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| show | they depress Na reabsorption in ASCENDING LOOP OF HENLE and promote K excretion---basically they get rid of water, Na, and K
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| show | hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and hypokalemia
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| show | furosemide (Lasix) and Bumetamide (Bumex)
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| show | they act on DISTAL TUBULE to inhibit Na reabsorption in exchange for K, thereby retaining K---so basically they get rid of water and Na and keep K
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| show | hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and HYPERkalemia
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| what are 2 types of K-sparing diuretics? | show 🗑
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| what are the signs of hyponatremia and hypokalemia? | show 🗑
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| what do Ca channel blockers do? | show 🗑
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| what is the result of Ca channel blockers? | show 🗑
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| show | VERY NICE DRUGS ALWAYS---verapamil (calan, calan-SR, lsoptin), dilitaizem (cardizem, cardizem-SR), nicardipine (cardene, cardene-SR), and amiodipine (novasc)
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| if taking Ca channel blocker Dilitiazem, avoid ____ and why? | show 🗑
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| what Ca channel blocker increases the effects of Digoxin? | show 🗑
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| Photosensitivity is a side effect for which Ca Channel blocker? | show 🗑
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| show | they inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II---basically they are preventing the vasoconstriction that angiotensin II produces
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| show | "PRIL" DRUGS---captopril (capoten), enalapril (vasotec), and lisinopril (zestril, prinivil)
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| show | coughing
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| show | they block the binding of angiotensin II in the VASCULAR and ADRENAL tissues...so basically they prevent angiotensin from doing its job
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| what are 3 ARBS? | show 🗑
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| show | angioedema (caused by Candsarten and telmisarten and losarten can cause heart failure
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| show | ARBS and ACE
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| show | ARBS
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| show | they lower the BP by blocking aldosterone binding at the mineralocorticiod receptor site in teh kidney, heart, blood vessels, and brain...so basically receptors aren't recieving aldosterone therefore not holding in Na and water
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| what are the risks of taking aldosterone receptor antagonists? | show 🗑
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| what do beta blockers do? | show 🗑
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| show | "OLOL" DRUGS---propranolol (inderal)
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| what are the 2 types of beta blokers? | show 🗑
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| show | cardiovascular---common with HTN
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| show | lungs
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| show | both heart and lungs = heart rate, BP, and respirations all DECREASE
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| show | fatigue, weakness, depression, sexual dysfunction all due to lack of O2
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| show | they sense changes in BP
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| where are arterial baroreceptors found? | show 🗑
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| if there is a rise in artial pressure (BP), the ___ nerve will be stimulated, which will cause a decrease in ____ and _____ | show 🗑
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| show | arterial baroreceptor system
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| increase in Na and water = ____ in BP | show 🗑
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| increase in cardiac OP = increase in blood to kidneys = ___ dieresis that leads to ____ in BP | show 🗑
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| show | renin
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| is a powerful vasoconstrictor which will increase BP levels | show 🗑
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| is released from the adrenal glands and its function is to retain Na | show 🗑
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| regulates perfusion of tissues at a constant level | show 🗑
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| what does essential HTN cause? | show 🗑
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