N114 - Integument dysfunction
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| show | Impetigo
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| How is impetigo contracted? | show 🗑
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| What bacteria can cause impetigo? | show 🗑
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| What are the two forms of impetigo? | show 🗑
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| show | Begins as small red macules and progress to small, thin roofed vesicles that rupture easily & expose weeping skin. Has a honey colored drainage.
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| What else can impetigo effect? | show 🗑
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| show | Most often appear on the face around the mouth and nose. Occasionally occur on back of knees and buttocks.
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| What treatment is used for impetigo? | show 🗑
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| show | Finish all antibiotics, use gentle soaking to remove crusts, keep nails cut short to prevent further infection, no sharing of towels or personal items, out of school for 24-48 hours after the start of antibiotics.
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| What is the clinical name for head lice? | show 🗑
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| How is head lice transmitted? | show 🗑
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| What is the lifespan of a louse? | show 🗑
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| show | Persistent itching caused by crawling insect & saliva on skin. Most commonly located in the occipital area, behind the ears & nape of neck.
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| What is the preferred treatment for pedidulosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Listerine & Cetaphil
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| What causes scabies? | show 🗑
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| show | Close person to person contact, fomite transfer may occur.
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| What happens after infection? | show 🗑
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| What is the major symptom of a scabies infection? | show 🗑
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| How is scabies diagnosed? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for scabies? | show 🗑
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| show | Commonly know as eczema.
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| What causes eczema? | show 🗑
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| show | It is thought to be an autoimmune disorder.
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| show | Persistent pruritus and scratching.
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| What does an acute lesion look like? | show 🗑
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| What does an subacute lesion look like? | show 🗑
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| What is linchenfication? | show 🗑
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| show | Chronic - marked lichenfication is present. Fibrotic papules and hyper or hypopigmentation are present.
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| show | Distribution varies by age. Infancy - primarily on face, scalp & extensor (outside) surfaces of extremities. By age 2 - lesions on the flexural surfaces of the body, antecubital, popliteal, wrists ankles & neck
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| show | Relieve pruritis - oral antihistamine, non-medical - cornstarch or oatmeal baths.
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| What is the 2nd goal to managing eczema? | show 🗑
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| What is the 3rd goal to managing eczema? | show 🗑
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| show | Prevent or control secondary infection - keep fingernails short, avoid irritants, use mild detergent, no wool clothing
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| What is the pathology of diaper dermatitis or diaper rash? | show 🗑
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| What is the clinical symptoms of normal diaper rash? | show 🗑
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| show | Caused by overgrowth of Candida albicans. Site appears beefy read with satellite pustules.
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| show | Frequent diaper changes. Use of barrier creams (desitin & butt paste). Avoid powder.
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| show | Low dose steroid creams for severe cases. Candida infections require an antifungal agent like nystatin (Mycostatin).
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| What is seborrheic dermatitis? | show 🗑
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| What can cause cradle cap? | show 🗑
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| What are the clinical manifestations of cradle cap? | show 🗑
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| show | Infants - mostly found on scalp. Adolescents - begins on scalp, may involve eyebrows, forehead, eyelids, external ear canals, inguinal region (groin).
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| show | Daily washing of hair, let shampoo petroleum jelly, or mineral oil in place, then remove with a fine toothed comb.
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| show | May use medicated shampoo containing sulfur or salicylic acid. Topical corticosteroid with or with out sulfur or salicylic acid may be used.
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| What causes acne (acne vulgaris)? | show 🗑
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| What other factors can contribute to acne? | show 🗑
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| show | Excessive sebum production. Formation of comedones, either open (blackhead) or closed (whitehead). Overgrowth of propioni bacterium acnes-a benign organism always present on the skin.
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| show | Obstructive & noninflammatory. Comedones are the characteristic lesions, may be open or closed.
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| show | Characterized by inflammatory papules-red lesions, pustules-contain pus & nodules-larger and deeper in dermis, more likely to cause scaring.
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| show | Used for comedonal acne. Interrupts the process that forms comedones.
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| show | Kills propioni-bacterium acnes organism. Effective against both inflammatory & noninflammatory acne.
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| show | Used with inflammatory lesions accompany comedones. Clindamycin & Benzamycin
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| show | Reduce andogen production.
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| show | Reserved for severe cystic acne. Decreased sebum production, given for 20 weeks. Can cause dry skin & eyes, decrease night vision, headaches, mood changes, depression & suicidal tendencies. Accutane has teratogenic effects.
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| show | Laser & light therapy to reduce sebum production. Chemical peel & microdermabrasion.
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