This is Unit 3 with Concepts of culture, folk, pop, and language
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| Possibilism | the viewpoint that arose as a criticism of environmental determinism, holding that human populations develop their own cultures within constraints set by the environment | show 🗑
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| Sociofact | a culture trait in the sociological subsystem, which is, the part of a culture that guides how people are expected to interact with each other and how their social institutions are structured | show 🗑
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| Syncretism | the development of a new form of culture trait by the fusion of two or more distinct parental traits | show 🗑
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| Hunter-gatherer | an economic and social system based primarily or exclusively on the hunting of wild animals and the gathering of food, fiber and other materials from uncultivated plants, insects, eggs and so on. | show 🗑
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| Ideological Subsystem | show | The mythology of how the angle Lucifer was exiled to earth and became the devil in Christian religion AUGUSTINE
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| Technological subsystem | the complex of material objects together with the techniques of their use by means of which people carry out their productive activities and that characterize a culture, along with the ideological and sociological subsystems | show 🗑
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| independent invention | (parallel invention) innovations developed in two or more unconnected locations by individuals or groups acting independently | show 🗑
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| innovation | introduction of new culture traits, whether ideas, practices, or material objects | show 🗑
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| show | a concept of independent but parallel cultural development advanced by the anthropologist Julian Steward to explain cultural similarities among widely separated peoples existing in similar environments but who could not have benefited from shared experiences borrowed ideas, or diffused technologies |
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| Acculturation | show |
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| Assimilation | show | change of dress and behaviors an immigrant may go through when living in a new country ABIGAIL
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| Contagious Diffusion | show |
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| Cultural Adaptation | show | American Indians adapting to listening to modern commodities through the years such as the introduction of jeans, cars, language, and music. NOLAN
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| Cultural Autonomy | Every nation, irrespective of place of domicile of its individual members (irrespective of territory, hence the term “extra-territorial” autonomy) is a united officially recognized association conducting national-cultural affairs. | show 🗑
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| Cultural Convergence | The tendency for cultures to become more alike as they increasingly share technology and organizational structures in a modern world united by improved transportation and communication. | show 🗑
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| Cultural Divergence | show | The Amish keep separation between themselves and other communities KENDALL
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| Cultural Core/periphery pattern | The core-periphery idea that the core houses main economic power of region and the outlying region or periphery houses lesser economic ties. the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape. | show 🗑
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| Cultural ecology | show |
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| Culture hearth | show |
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| Cultural identity | the identity or feeling of belonging to a group. It is part of a person's self-conception and self-perception and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, locality or any kind of social group that has its own distinct culture. | show 🗑
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| Cultural landscape | show |
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| cultural realm | a geographical region where cultural traits maintain homogeneity. The cultural traits are supposed to be the product of regional geographical circumstances. The entire region throughout which a culture prevails. Criteria that may be chosen to define culture realms include religion, language, diet, customs, or economic development | show 🗑
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| Cultural system | show | the north and south in the 1800's (pre-civil war) where the south was mostly rural and the act of slavery wasn't shunned. The north shunned Slavery and viewed it as a vile thing also mostly urban NOLAN
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| show | refers to a geographical area with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture). These are often associated with an ethnolinguistic group and the territory it inhabits. |
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Hierarchical Diffusion | MOVE CARD | show 🗑
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| Stimulus Diffusion | show |
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Innovation Adoption Curve | show |
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| show | diffusion of an idea or innovation that is not suitable for the environment in which it diffused into (e.g., New England-style homes in Hawaii, or Ranch-style homes in northeast US). |
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| show | notion that successful societies leave their cultural imprints on a place each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape. | The African nation of Tanzania has passed from the hands of one ruler to another with the culture traits of each AUGUSTINE
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| show | is a way of subdividing and describing land in the United States. All lands in the public domain are subject to subdivision by this rectangular system of surveys, which is regulated by the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management (BLM) |
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| show | is an architectural style that is designed based on local needs, availability of construction materials and reflecting local traditions. |
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| Vernacular Region | show | Tidewater, tri city area KENDALL
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| Metes-and-bounds | show |
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| show | system implemented in Quebec, Louisiana, Texas or areas of French influence, that divide the land into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals |
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| Heritage Landscape | show | Native American Reservations KENDALL
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| show | provides for a unit of land approximately 24 miles square, bounded by base lines running east and west, and meridians running north and south. This 24 mile square is divided into areas six miles square called townships. Townships are further divided into 36 sections, each one mile square. |
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| Transculturation | show | Buddhism originated in India but spread around and merged with Confucianism. ETHAN
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| Adaptive Strategies | show |
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| show | distinguished by a set of cultural traits like language, beliefs, customs, norms of behavior, social institutions, way of life, artifacts etc; Influences from Britain caused certain styles of housing. British Architecture in America |
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| Characteristics | show | religion, language, arts, and social organizations SAMAR
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| Architectural Form | show |
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| Built Environment | show |
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| show | A culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in isolation. | The banjo & fiddle are traditional instruments in 'folk culture' NATHAN
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| Folk Food | Food that is traditionally made by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture. | show 🗑
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| Folk House | show | pioneer homes like ,log cabin style homes SAMAR
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| Folk Songs | traditionally sung by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture; typically no skill is required | show 🗑
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| show | unwritten lore (stories, proverbs, riddles, songs) of a culture |
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| show | a settled or regular tendency or practice, especially one that is hard to give up. | brushing your teeth every morning and every night is a habit ABIGAIL
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| Taboo | a social or religious custom prohibiting or forbidding discussion of a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing. | show 🗑
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| Terrior | the complete natural environment in which a particular wine is produced, including factors such as the soil, topography, and climate. | show 🗑
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| Material Culture | efers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. | show 🗑
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| Nonmaterial Culture | show |
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| Popular Culture | show |
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| show | systems that are used to collect data |
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| show | traditional building styles of different cultures, religions, and places |
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| Local culture | Group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or Community, who share experiences, customs, and traits and who worked to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others | show 🗑
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| Custom | The body of traditional practices, usages, and conventions that regulate social life | show 🗑
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| Cultural Appropriation | show | bindis, or headdresses HANNAH
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| Neolocalism | A social movement advocating a return to local products, locally owned businesses, and locally controlled institutions in reaction against Mass popular culture and globalization | show 🗑
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| Ethnic Neighborhood | An area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background | show 🗑
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| Commodification | The process through which something is given monetary value. This occurs when a good or idea that previously was regarded as an object to be bought and sold is turned into something that has a particular prize and that can be traded in a market economy | show 🗑
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| Authenticity | In the context of local cultures are Customs, the accuracy with which a single stereotypical or Typecast image or experience conveys an otherwise dynamic and complex local culture or its customs | show 🗑
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| Distance Decay | show |
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| Reterritorilization | With respect to popular culture, when people within a place start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture and making it their own | show 🗑
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| show | Define by geographer Edward Relph as the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next |
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| Global-local Continuum | show |
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| Glocalization | The process by which people in a local place mediate and alter Regional, National, and Global processes | show 🗑
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| Folk-housing region | show |
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| Diffusion Routes | show |
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| Creolized Language | A language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people in place of the mother tongue | show 🗑
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| Backward Reconstruction | show |
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| Mutual Intelligibility | show | Spanish and Portuguese KENDALL
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| Geographic Dialect | A language variant marked by vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation differences from other variants of the same common language. When those variations are spatial or Regional, they are called Geographic dialects. When they are indicative of socio-economic or educational levels, they are called social dialects | show 🗑
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| show | Technique using the vocabulary of an extinct language to recreate the language that preceded the extinct language |
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| show | A set of continuous dialects in which the dialects nearest to each other at any place in the chain are most closely related |
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| show | Dialect spoken by some African-Americans |
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| Extinct Language | show |
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| Ideograms | show |
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| Isogloss | A geographic boundary within which a particular linguistic feature occurs | show 🗑
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| show | A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family |
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| show | A set of sounds, combination of sounds, and symbols that are used for communication |
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| Language Branch | show |
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| Language Family | A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor that existed long before recorded history | show 🗑
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| show | A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary |
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| Language Subfamily | a smaller group of related languages within a language family | show 🗑
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| Romance Language | French, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and Portuguese that lie in the areas that were once controlled by the Roman Empire but we're not subsequently overwhelmed | show 🗑
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| Germanic Language | show |
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| Slavic Languages | show |
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| Indo-European Language | show |
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| Sino-Tibetan | Language area that spreads through most of Southeast Asia and China and is comprised of Chinese, Burmese, Tibetan, Japanese, and Korean | show 🗑
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| Afro-Asiatic | show |
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| Niger-Congo | show |
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| show | A large language family of over 1,200 tongues spoken primarily in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific |
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| show | The process suggested by German linguist August Schleicher whereby new languages or formed when a language breaks into dialects due to a lack of spatial interaction among speakers of the language and continued isolation eventually causes the division of the language into discrete new languages | Spanish and Portuguese is a language that has been broken down into two forms AUGUSTINE
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| Language Convergence | A collapsing of two languages into one resulting from the consistent spatial interaction of peoples with different languages | show 🗑
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| Lingua Franca | A term driving from Frankish language and applying a tongue spoken in ancient Mediterranean ports that consisted of a mixture of Italian, French, Greek, Spanish and even some Arabic. Today it refers to a Common Language a language used among speakers of different languages for the purpose of trade and commerce | show 🗑
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| Global Language | The language used most commonly around the world defined on the basis of either the number of speakers of the language, or prevalence of use in Commerce and trade | show 🗑
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| Literary Tradition | show |
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| Linguistic Diversity | show |
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| show | Countries in which only one language is spoken |
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| Multilingual states | show |
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| official language | show | The Official languages of Afghanistan are Pashto and Dari KENDALL
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| Pidgin | show | Seal Island Creole (Spoken in South Carolinas Sea Islands) Hatian Creole in Louisiana KENDALL
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| Polyglot | A multilingual state | show 🗑
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| Protolanguage | show |
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| Sound shift | Slight change in a word across languages within a sub family or through a language family from the present backwards towards its origin | show 🗑
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| Proto-Indo-European | show |
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| Nostratic | show |
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| show | Place name |
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| Trade Language | A language used between native speakers of different languages to allow them to communicate so that they can trade with each other. | show 🗑
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| show | The variant of a language that a country's political and intellectual Elite seek to promote as the norm for used in schools, government, the media, and other aspects of public life |
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| Bilingual | show | I speak both English and Spanish AUGUSTINE
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| show | The non-standard indigenous language or dialect of a locality. Of or related to indigenous arts and architecture, such as a house period of or related to the perceptions and understandings of the general population, such as a region |
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| Vulgar Latin | show |
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| show | Hypothesis developed by British scholar Colin Renfro wherein he proposed that three areas in and near the first agricultural hearths, the Fertile Crescent, gave rise to three language families: Europe's Indo-European languages from Anatolia, North African and Arabian languages from the Western Arc of the Fertile Crescent, and the languages in present-day Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India from the Eastern Arc of the Fertile Crescent |
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| Kurgan Theory | show |
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| show | MOVE CARD |
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| Culture | A society's Collective beliefs, symbols, values, forms of behavior, and social organizations, together with its tools, structures, and artifacts created according to the group's conditions of Life. Transmitted as a Heritage to succeeding generations and undergoing adoptions, modifications, and changes in the process. A collective term for group displaying uniform characteristics | show 🗑
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