A deck of flashcards for Undergraduate Study of Biology.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | Genes. How inherited traits are passed between generations comes from principles first proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1866. Mendel's principles apply to traits in plants and animals – they can explain how we inherit certain traits.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes. Some alleles are dominant while others are recessive; an organism with at least one dominant allele will display the effect of the dominant allele.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Also known as the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory, is states chromosomes as the carriers of genetic material. It correctly explains the mechanism of the laws of Mendelian inheritance.
🗑
|
||||
| What are Chromosomes according to the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Law of segregation, Law of independent assortment and Law of dominance.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The first Mendelian law that states allele pairs separate or segregate during gamete formation, and randomly unite at fertilization.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The second Mendelian law stating that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.
🗑
|
||||
| Why fruit flies are a convenient organism for genetic studies? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The allele that encodes the phenotype most common in a particular natural population is known as the wild type allele. Any form of that allele other than the wild type is known as a mutant form of that allele.
🗑
|
||||
| Inheritance of Sex-Linked Genes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A female needs two copies of the allele while a male needs only one copy of the allele.
🗑
|
||||
| Why are sex-linked recessive disorders are much more common in males? Give examples of such disorders. | show 🗑
|
||||
| Barr body | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Genes located on the same chromosome that
tend to be inherited together are called linked genes
🗑
|
||||
| show | Offspring with a phenotype matching one of the parental phenotypes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Offspring with non-parental phenotypes (new combinations of
traits).
🗑
|
||||
| Inheritance of characters by a single gene may deviate from simple Mendelian patterns in what situations? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Complete dominance, incomplete dominance and in co-dominance, two dominant alleles affect
the phenotype in separate, distinguishable
ways.
🗑
|
||||
| show | When phenotypes of the heterozygote and dominant homozygote are identical.
🗑
|
||||
| show | When the phenotype of F1 hybrids is somewhere between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties.
🗑
|
||||
| show | When two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separate, distinguishable ways.
🗑
|
||||
| Pleiotropy | show 🗑
|
||||
| Examples of the multiple symptoms of hereditary diseases caused by pleiotropic alleles. | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A hereditary disorder affecting the exocrine glands. It causes the production of abnormally thick mucus, leading to the blockage of the pancreatic ducts, intestines, and bronchi and often resulting in respiratory infection.
🗑
|
||||
| Sickle-cell disease | show 🗑
|
||||
| Epistasis | show 🗑
|
||||
| Polygenic inheritance | show 🗑
|
||||
| Quantitative variation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Another exception from Mendelian genetics? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Pedigree | show 🗑
|
||||
| Carriers of recessive genetic disorders | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Increase the chance of mating between two carriers of the same rare allele.
🗑
|
||||
| Achondroplasia | show 🗑
|
||||
| Huntington’s disease | show 🗑
|
||||
| The “blending” hypothesis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The idea that parents pass on discrete heritable units (genes).
🗑
|
||||
| Hybridization | show 🗑
|
||||
| P generation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Hybrid offspring of P generation
🗑
|
||||
| F2 generation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Alleles | show 🗑
|
||||
| Monohybrid cross | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Individuals with different varietiesthat differ in two observed traits.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The scientific study of heredity and variation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The transmission of traits from one generation to the next.
🗑
|
||||
| Variation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The units of heredity, and are made up of segments of DNA. Each gene has a specific location called a
locus on a certain chromosome.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Genes are passed to the next generation through reproductive cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Asexual reproduction | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A group of genetically identical individuals from the same parent
🗑
|
||||
| show | Two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
🗑
|
||||
| Somatic cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| Karyotype | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Two chromosomes in each pair
🗑
|
||||
| Sex chromosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| Autosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Two sets of chromosomes. For humans, the diploid number is 46 (2n = 46)
🗑
|
||||
| show | A gamete (sperm or egg) contains a single set of chromosomes. For humans, the haploid number is 23 (n = 23)
🗑
|
||||
| show | The union of gametes (the sperm and the egg)
🗑
|
||||
| Zygote | show 🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
theecloud
Popular Genetics sets