A deck of flashcards for Undergraduate Study of Biology.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Translation | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA). mRNA is translated into a protein with the help of tRNA.
🗑
|
||||
| show | An adaptor molecule composed of RNA, that serves as the physical link between the mRNA and the amino acid sequence of proteins. They are not identical, each carrying a specific AA and has an anticodon on the other end.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA.
🗑
|
||||
| Conditions for accurate translation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Wobble | show 🗑
|
||||
| Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The P site, A site and E site.
🗑
|
||||
| The P site | show 🗑
|
||||
| The A site | show 🗑
|
||||
| The E site | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Initiation, Elongation and Termination.
🗑
|
||||
| show | A stage of translation that brings together mRNA, a tRNA with the first amino acid, and the two ribosomal subunits (rRNA). A small ribosomal subunit binds with mRNA and a special initiator tRNA.
🗑
|
||||
| show | AUG
🗑
|
||||
| Elongation stage in translation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Termination stage in translation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Polyribosome (polysome) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Two populations of ribosomes in the cell | show 🗑
|
||||
| Are ribosomes identical? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Free ribosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Makes proteins of the endomembrane system and proteins that are secreted from the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Polypeptide synthesis always begins in the cytosol.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Only when the polypeptide signals the ribosome to attach to the ER.
🗑
|
||||
| Signal peptide | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Changes in the genetic material of a cell or virus.
🗑
|
||||
| Point mutation | show 🗑
|
||||
| Two general categories of point mutations | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Replaces one nucleotide and its partner with another pair of nucleotides.
🗑
|
||||
| Silent mutations | show 🗑
|
||||
| Missense mutations | show 🗑
|
||||
| Nonsense mutations | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Where insertion or deletion (addition or losses) of nucleotide pairs in a gene alters the reading frame of the RNA.
🗑
|
||||
| Mutagen | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Bacteria; simultaneously. Eukarya: Separated by nuclear envelope. Archaea: Likely coupled.
🗑
|
||||
| Defining a "Gene" | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A region of DNA that can be expressed to produce a final functional product, either a polypeptide or an RNA molecule.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The process by which DNA directs protein synthesis, which includes two stages: transcription and translation.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Evidence from the study of metabolic defects and nutritional mutants in Neurospora.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The intermediate between genes and the proteins for which they code.
🗑
|
||||
| Transcription | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The initial RNA transcript from any gene.
🗑
|
||||
| show | On a triplet code: a series of non-overlapping, three nucleotide words. These triplets are the smallest units of uniform length that can code for all the amino acids.
🗑
|
||||
| Template strand | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | mRNA base triplets, read in the 5' to 3' direction during translation. It must be read in the correct reading frame(groupings) in order for the specified polypeptide to be produced.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The enzyme which catalyzes RNA synthesis by prying the DNA strands apart and hooks together the RNA nucleotide. RNA synthesis follows the same base-pairing rules as DNA, except uracil substituted for thymine.
🗑
|
||||
| show | The DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches
🗑
|
||||
| Transcription unit | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Initiation, Elongation and Termination.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Promoters signal the initiation of RNA synthesis.
🗑
|
||||
| How the initiation stage of transcription happens in bacteria? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How the initiation stage of transcription happens in Eukaryotes? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Transcription initiation complex | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | A promoter which is crucial in forming the initiation complex in eukaryotes.
🗑
|
||||
| show | RNA polymerase moves along the DNA, untwisting the double helix, 10 - 20 bases at a time.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Transcription progresses at a rate of 40 nucleotides per second in eukaryotes.
🗑
|
||||
| Termination stage in transcription for bacteria | show 🗑
|
||||
| Termination stage in transcription for eukaryotes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | These non-coding regions, they are also called intervening sequences.
🗑
|
||||
| Exons | show 🗑
|
||||
| RNA splicing | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Consists of a variety of proteins and several small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP). It interacts with certain sites along an intron, releasing the intron and joining together the two exons that flanked the intron.
🗑
|
||||
| Ribozymes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | It can form a three-dimensional structure because its ability to base pair with itself. Some bases in RNA contain functional groups. RNA may hydrogen-bond with other nucleic acid molecules.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Variations from genes that can encode more than one kind of polypeptide, depending on which segments are treated as exons during RNA splicing.
🗑
|
||||
| Domains | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The evolution of new proteins.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
theecloud
Popular Genetics sets