SPC Cardiopulmonary Physiology Final Exam Unit 2 Review
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| List the 4 accessory muscle of Inspiration? | 1. Scalenes
2. Sternocleidomastoid
3. Pectoralis Major
4. Trapezius
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| Compliance is best described as what? | Distensibility
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| Formula for Compliance? | Volume Change/ Unit Pressure Change
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| What is normal Lung Compliance? | 0.2L/cmH2O
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| What is normal Thoracic Compliance? | 0.2L/cmH2O
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| What is normal Total Lung Compliance? | 0.1L/cmH2O
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| Formula for Total Lung Compliance? | 1/CL + 1/CT = 1/CLT
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| Low lung compliance indicate what? | 1. Pneumonia
2. Pulmonary Edema
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| Low thoracic compliance indicate what? | 1. Kyphoscoliosis
2. Ascites
3. Gross Obesity
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| Elastance is best described as what? | Elastic Recoil
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| Formula for Elastance? | Pressure Change/Unit Volume Change
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| What is normal Elastance? | 5cmH2O/L
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| Low elastance indicates what? | Emphysema
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| What are the diseases associated with the P/V Horizontal Curve? | (Low Lung Compliance)
1. Pneumonia
2. Pulmonary Edema
3. Pulmonary Fibrosis
4. Atelecasis
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| What are the diseases associated with the P/V Vertical Curve? | (High Compliance, Low Elastance)
1. Emphysema
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| What is airway resistance? | Frictional resistance afforded by the airways
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| Formula for Airway Resistance? | Pressure Change/Flow Rate
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| What is normal Airway Resistance? | 1-2cmH2O/L/sec
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| High airway resistance indicates what? | 1. Asthma
2. Chronic Bronchitis
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| Conductance is best describes as what? | Ease of Flow
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| Formula for Conductance? | Flow/Unit Pressure
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| What is normal for Conductance? | 0.5-1.5L/sec/cmH2O
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| Low conductance indicates what? | 1. Asthma
2. Chronic Bronchitis
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| What 5 factors contribute and affect airway resistance? | 1. Bronchospasm
2. Secretions
3. Mucosal Edema
4. Low Elastance
5. Artificial Airways
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| Formula for Reynolds Number? | 2rvd/n
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| R in Reynolds # means? | Radius
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| V in Reynolds # means? | Velocity
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| D in Reynolds # means? | Density
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| N in Reynolds # means? | Viscosity
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| Poiseuille's Law addresses what type of flow? | Laminar Flow
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| Formula for Poiseuille's Law? | Pr^4=Flow
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| Reynolds # addresses what type of flow? | Turbulent Flow
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| What's key about Reynolds #? | A # of >2000 establishes turbulent flow
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| What's key about Poiseuille's Law? | 16 fold jump in P as r decreases 50%
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| T/F Low density gas like Helium will decrease turbulence and WOB? | True
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| Define Time Constants? | The time (in sec.) to inflate a lung region to about 60% of its potential filling capacity.
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| Normal Time Constant? | .2x1=.2 sec.
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| Long Time Constant? | .2 x 10 = 2.0 sec.
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| Short Time Constant? | .05 x 2 = .1 sec.
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