GI anatomy and path for comps
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| How long is the second portion of the duodenum? | 3-4 inches
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| How long is the third portion of the duodenum? | 2.5 inches
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| How are the distal portions (jejunum and ileum) of the small intestine divided? | jejunum makes up the upper 2/5, ileum makes up the lower 3/5
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| In what region does the large bowel begin? | right iliac
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| How long is the large intestine? | approx. 5 feet
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| In what layer of the large intestine are the taeniae coli found? | muscular
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| Name the layers of the GI tract from outer to inner | fibrous, muscular, submucosal, mucosal
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| How many taeniae coli are on the large intestine and how are they arranged? | 3 – one anterior, two posterior
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| Where does the vermiform appendix attach? | posteromedial side of the cecum
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| About how long is the appendix? | 3 inches
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| At what vertebral level does the sigmoid colon end and join with the rectum? | S3
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| What are the alternate names for the flexures of the colon? | Right colic or hepatic and left colic or splenic
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| Achlasia | failure of smooth muscle relaxation
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| Diverticulum | pouch created by herniation of the mucous membrane through the muscular layer
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| Diverticulosis | diverticulum of the colon without symptoms or inflammation
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| Ileus | failure of bowel peristalsis
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| Intussusception | prolapsed or telescoping of the bowel into adjacent lumen
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| Stenosis | narrowing
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| Volvulus | twisting of a bowel loop on itself
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