Essential Rhetorical Analysis Terms for Test on Tuesday December 5th, 2017
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| Analogy | explaining something complex by comparing it to something more simple
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| Argument | the combination of reasons, evidence, etc that an author uses to convince an audience of their position
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| Aristotelian appeals | Three different methods of appealing to an audience of their position
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| Attitude | the writer's personal views or feelings about the subject at hand
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| Audience | who the author is directing his or her message towards
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| Compare and Contrast | discussing similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purposes
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| Connotation | the implied meaning of a word; they can be positive, negative, or neutral
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| Context | the extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered
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| Counterargument | The argument (s) against the author's position
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| Deductive reasoning | a form of logical reasoning wherein a general principle is applied to a specific case
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| Denotation | the literal, dictionary definition meaning of a word
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| Diction | the style of language used; generally tailored to be appropriate to the audience and situation
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| Ethos | appeal to credibility
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| Evidence | the information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position
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| Figurative language | the use of language in a non-literal way (metaphor, simile, etc.)
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| Genre | the specific type of work being presented
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| Imagery | any descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something; includes figurative language
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| Implication | when something is suggested without being correctly stated.
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| Inductive reasoning | making a generalization based on specific evidence at hand
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| Irony | saying the opposite of what you mean; also used to describe situations in which the results of an action are dramatically different than intended
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| Juxtaposition | placing two very different things together for effect.
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| Logos | logical reasoning
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| Occasion | the reason or moment for writing or speaking
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| Organization | how the different parts of an argument are arranged in a piece of writing or speech
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| Pathos | appeal to emotion
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| Purpose | the author's persuasive intention
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| Repetition | re-using a word or phrase repeatedly for effect or emphasis
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| Rhetoric | the use of spoken or written word (or a visual medium) to convey your ideas and convince an audience
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| Rhetorical triangle | the relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message, and the context
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| Speaker | the persona adopted by the author to deliver his or her message; may or may not acutally be the same person as the authorq
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| Style | the author's own personal approach to rhetoric in the piece; similar to voice
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| Symbolism | using a symbol to refer to an idea or concept
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| Syntax | sentence structure
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| Synthesis | combining sources or ideas in a coherent way in the purpose of a larger point
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| Themes | overarching ideas
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| Tone | the use of stylistic devices to reveal an author
s attitude toward a subject
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| Voice | an author's unique sound; similar to style
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| Alliteration | using words with the same first letter repeatedly close together in a phrase or sentence
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| Allusion | making a brief reference to the cultural cannon- EX: the Bible, Shakespeare, classical mythology, etc.
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| Anecdote | offering a breif narrative episode.
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| Concession | agreeing with a point of view
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| Didactic | a text with an instructive purpose, often moral
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| Euphamism | referring to something with a veiled phrase instead of directly saying it
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| Exemplification | providing examples in service of a point
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| Hyperbole | extreme exaggeration
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| Idiom | a commonly used phrase that signifies something entirely different than its meaning
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| Onomatopoeia | sound-effect words (BOOM! clap)
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| Paradox | a phrase or assertion that appears to contradict itself
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| Parallelism | repeated structural elements in a sentence
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| Parody | using the form or something to mimic and make fun of it
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| Personification | giving human characteristics or actions to non-human things
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| Sarcasm | mockingly stating the opposite of what you mean
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| Satire | a genre of humor and mocking criticism to expose the ignorance and/or ills of society
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| Synecdoche | referring to parts of something as a way to refer to the whole
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| Understatement | deliberately minimizing something, usually for humorous effect
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