Veterinary drugs
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| Heroin Class | show 🗑
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| Morphine Class | show 🗑
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| Merperidine Class | show 🗑
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| Butorphanol Class | show 🗑
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| Oxymorphone Class | show 🗑
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| Pentobarbital Class | show 🗑
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| Thiopental Class | show 🗑
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| show | III
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| Ketamine Class | show 🗑
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| show | IV
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| show | V
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| show | atropine,
glycopyrrolate
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| show | aceptromazine,
diazepam,
midazolam
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| Examples of sedatives (4) | show 🗑
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| show | hydromorphone,
oxymorphone,
butorphanol,
morphine,
meperidine,
pentazocine,
buprenorphine
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| show | ace + oxymorphone,
ace + butorphanol,
xylazine + butorphanol,
medetomodine + butorphanol
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| Examples of reversal agents (4) | show 🗑
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| show | anticholinergics,
tranquilizers,
sedatives,
opioids,
NMDA antagonists (in cats sometimes)
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| show | barbiturates, propofol, etomidate, NMDA antagonist combos, Guaifenesin
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| show | hypotension, antiarrhythmic, penile paralysis (stallions), lowers seizure threshold, promotes hypothermia.
contra: liver disease, seizure history, dehydration, hypovolemia, shock, heart disease, young/old patients
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| show | hypotension if injected too fast, irritation following IM admin.
contra: should not be used alone as excitement is possible
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| show | bradycardia, conduction distrubances, hypotension, arrhythmias with halothane gas, resp depression, impaired thermoreg, hyperglycemia, profound muscle relaxation max exacerbate upper resp abnormalities.
contra: heart disease, young/old
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| opioids side effects and contraindications | show 🗑
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| barbiturates side effects and contraindications | show 🗑
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| show | HR and bp increase, may cause apnea when given IV, profuse salivation, muscle rigidity when used alone, convulsions with high doses.
contra: never use alone EXCEPT in cats, must have good sedation before admin in horses, animals with seizure history
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| propofol side effects and contraindications | show 🗑
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| guaifenesin side effects and contraindications | show 🗑
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| show | guaifenesin and barbiturates (phenobarb, pentobarb, thiopental)
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| Examples of barbiturates | show 🗑
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| Examples of NMDA Antagonist (2) | show 🗑
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| Opioid antagonist (1) | show 🗑
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| Anticholinergics - about | show 🗑
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| show | opioids, alpha 2 agonists, barbiturates, gas anesthetics
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| Drugs that cause excess salivation (2) | show 🗑
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| show | xylazine, detomidine, medetomidine, romifidine
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| Alpha 2 agonists about | show 🗑
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| show | muscle tremors, partial AV block, bradycardia, resp changes, sweating, penile prolapse, incr intracranial pressure, decreased mucociliary clearance
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| show | widely used in cattle (not food producing).
side effects: ruminal atony, intestinal stasis, salivation, hypothermia, diarrhea, bloating, ataxia, and regurgitation w/aspiration pneumonia
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| yohimbine | show 🗑
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| show | reverses effects of medetomidine in dogs
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| show | dose dependent resp depression
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| show | GI bleeding, increased susceptibility to infections or wounds that won't heal, potassium loss causing irregular heartbeats, muscle cramps and weakness, sodium and water retention, muscle weakness from protein breakdown and behavioral changes
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| show | diuretic used to relive edema, a loop diuretic that inhibits primarily reabsorption of Na and Cl in kidney, can cause a wasting of K, NOT effective in altering tubular reabsorption. Used in kidney failure and pulm edema.
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| mannitol | show 🗑
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| digoxin | show 🗑
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| diltiazem | show 🗑
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| show | used in horses and large dogs for tx of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias
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| show | vasodilatory drug, aka angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Prevents conversion of antiotensin I to angiotensin II.
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| show | aka cholinergic, parasympathomimetic.
Drugs that mimic stimulatory effects of Ach. Further divided into muscarinic and nicotinic agents.
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| show | aka adrenergic drugs that mimic effects of norepinephrine
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| show | drugs that block Ach effects
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| show | aka adrenergic blocking agents that block effects of norepinephrine
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| show | neurotransmitter sympathetic system
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| acetylcholine predominant... | show 🗑
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| sympathetic stimulation effects | show 🗑
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| show | pupils constricted.
copious secretion.
constricted bronchioles.
hr slowed and contractile force decr.
dilated skin bv.
increased peristalsis and tone.
u bladder wall contract.
u bladder sphinchter relaxed.
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| show | lowering bp and improving blood flow in certain vascular diseases, ex: phenoxybenzamine, prazosin, hydralazine
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| show | barbiturates!
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| show | ketamine + benzodiazepine (diazepam, midazolam, zolazepam) for induction
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| in collies, avoid | show 🗑
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| show | the drugs that can be administered in an er with the intratracheal route
lidocaine, epi, atropine and naloxone
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| glucorticoids in er med | show 🗑
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| show | synthetic catecholamine, admin to maintain mean arterial bp, increase cardiac output and perfusion, may reduce pulmonary edema
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| dopamine | show 🗑
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| show | tx of severe acidosis, blood pH must be monitored
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| show | antiarrhythmic drug tx for v-tach, contraindicated in ventricular escape and isolated premature ventricular complexes
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| show | bradycardia, AV block, asystole
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| dobutamine er indications | show 🗑
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| show | low cardiac output
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| show | v-fib, asystole, EMD
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| show | v-fib, v-tach
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| naloxone er indications | show 🗑
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| show | vagal inhibitions and decreased gastric secretion
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| show | most often in horses and cattle to produce muscle relaxation
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| show | induce vasodilatation, aid in regulating fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and stabilize the cellular membranes
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