Bio Midterm 2
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | The passages of a substance through the biological membrane, with the help of a transport protein, down its concentration variant.
🗑
|
||||
| Simple Diffusion | show 🗑
|
||||
| Active Transport | show 🗑
|
||||
| Primary Active Transport | show 🗑
|
||||
| Sodium Potassium Pump | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Doesn’t use ATP directly, in its function.
🗑
|
||||
| Symporter | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The movement of particles, in small membranous sacs, called vesicles. Vesicles move out of, or into the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Endocytosis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Receptors on the cell membrane, bind with a specific ligand, pinched off by the plasma membrane. The vesicle is coated with receptors bound the ligand.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cellular “eating,” a type of endocytosis, where a cell engulfs particles and digests them within the cytoplasm.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Cellular “drinking,” type of endocytosis, where the cell takes in fluid, with dissolved solutes through vesicles.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Vesicles bind to plasma membrane, and released out side of the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Secretory Vesicles | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Guanine nucleotide binding proteins. Ligand binds to specific receptor outside of cell and starts a reaction, causing an internal cellular change.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. Ligand binds to receptor protein outside of the cell, activates G protein inside the cell.
🗑
|
||||
| G Protein step 2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| G Protein Step 3 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 4. Cyclic AMP actives kinase.
🗑
|
||||
| G Protein Step 5 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryotic Cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| Eukaryotic Cells | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cytoskeleton | show 🗑
|
||||
| Microfilaments | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Made up of fibrous proteins, reinforce cell shape and anchor certain organelles. Surrounds nucleus.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Straight, hollow tubes, support and shape cell. Can be disassembled in reverse order and used elsewhere in cell. Can help move certain organelles.
🗑
|
||||
| Centrosome | show 🗑
|
||||
| Centrioles | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Surrounds the two centrioles inside the centrosome. Contains proteins that cause microtubule nucleation and anchoring.
🗑
|
||||
| Cilia and Flagella | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Cell components that carry out protein synthesis.
🗑
|
||||
| Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) | show 🗑
|
||||
| Endomembrane System | show 🗑
|
||||
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Lacks ribosomes, synthesizes lipids.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Bound ribosomes attached to the rough ER, and produce proteins that will inserted into the ER membrane and transferred out of the cell with transport vesicles.
🗑
|
||||
| Golgi Apparatus | show 🗑
|
||||
| Cisternae | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The side of the Golgi, where the vesicles enter from ER, for processing.
🗑
|
||||
| Trans Face | show 🗑
|
||||
| Lysosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| Autophagy | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Destruction of cell.
🗑
|
||||
| Peroxisomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| Oxidase | show 🗑
|
||||
| Catalase | show 🗑
|
||||
| Proteosomes | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Double lipid bilayer that encloses the genetic material in eukaryotic cells. The nuclear envelope also serves as the physical barrier, separating the contents of the nucleus (DNA in particular) from the cytosol (cytoplasm).
🗑
|
||||
| show | Large protein complexes that cross the nuclear envelope.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Non-membrane bound structure composed of proteins and nucleic acids found within the nucleus. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed and assembled within the nucleolus.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Cell Junctions | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Specialized intercellular connection two cells. It directly connects the cytoplasm of two cells, which allows various molecules and ions to pass freely between cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Tight Junctions | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. Energy is never created or destroyed, only changes form. 2. Entropy says that energy disburses spontaneously.
🗑
|
||||
| show | More energy released then absorbed during a chemical reaction.
🗑
|
||||
| show | More energy absorbed then released during chemical reaction.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Speeds up chemical reaction by lowering activation energy.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Type of protein, structure determines function, brings together molecules to react with one another.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Sucrose + H2O > Glucose and Fructose
🗑
|
||||
| show | Helps substrate bind to enzyme
🗑
|
||||
| show | All chemical reactions, metabolism.
🗑
|
||||
| Anabolic | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Breaking down complex molecules, uses energy to start this reaction.
🗑
|
||||
| show |
🗑
|
||||
| show | Remove electrons, becomes more positive.
🗑
|
||||
| Reduction | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Oxidation is loss
🗑
|
||||
| show | Reduction is gain.
🗑
|
||||
| show | NAD+ is the oxidized form and NADH is the reduced form
🗑
|
||||
| FAD > FADH2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Add a phosphate group
🗑
|
||||
| show | Take away a phosphate group
🗑
|
||||
| show | Phosphate group directly transferred to ADP, making ATP
🗑
|
||||
| show | Removal of electrons, causing ATP generation
🗑
|
||||
| Aerobic Respiration | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Happens in cytoplasm
🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. One glucose molecule is phosphorylated with one ATP
🗑
|
||||
| show | 2. Six carbon glucose, now with phosphate. P-O-O-O-O-O-O
🗑
|
||||
| show | 3. Phosphorylate the molecule again, becoming P-O-O-O-O-O-O-P
🗑
|
||||
| show | 4. Six carbon chain is split and two 3 carbon chains, with added phosphate are left. Leaving G3P.
🗑
|
||||
| show | 5. Phosphorylate G3P, adds phosphate from cytoplasm, no energy needed. Transfers electrons to NAD+, making it NADH, G3P is oxidized, reducing NAD+ to NADH.
🗑
|
||||
| Glycolysis Step 6 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 7. Chemical rearrangement
🗑
|
||||
| show | 8. Releases water
🗑
|
||||
| Glycolysis Step 9 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The three-carbon chain at the end of glycolysis
🗑
|
||||
| Transitional Phase | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Decarboxylation, removal of carboxyl group. Now a two carbon molecule called Acetyl Coenzyme A.
🗑
|
||||
| Transitional Phase Step 2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Electron Transport Chain Step 1 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Redox reactions happen all the way down the chain, accepted by oxygen at the end.
🗑
|
||||
| Electron Transport Chain Step 3 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Electron Transport Chain Step 4 | show 🗑
|
||||
| Electron Transport Chain Step 5 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Every NADH created 3 ATP, Ten NADH from glycolysis, creates 30 ATP.
🗑
|
||||
| ATP Production 2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells.
🗑
|
||||
| Mitochondria 1 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | The inner mitochondrial membrane is compartmentalized into numerous cristae, which expand the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane, enhancing its ability to produce ATP.
🗑
|
||||
| Mitonchondrian Matrix | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. Acetyl CoA enters the Kreb cycle.
🗑
|
||||
| Krebs Cycle Step 2 | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Decarboxylate the citrate, loses carboxyl group, CO2 released and hydrogen goes to NAD+, making NADH.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Decarbolxylate again, five carbons now four carbons -> Creates ATP.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Transfer Electrons to FAD reducing it to FADH2.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Electron transfer to NAD+ reducing it to NADH, leaves oxaloacetate.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
JohnZ26
Popular Biology sets