Chapter 35 Respiratory Drugs Lilley
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| Histamine 1 | Mediate smooth muscle contraction and dialation of capillaries.RESPIRATORY
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| Histamine 2 | Mediate the acceleration of the heart rate and gastric acid secreation.GI
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| Histamine H2 | Antagonists
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| Antihistamines-Fof motion sickness | Give 30 min before motion
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| Antihistimines-ACTION | Block histamine receptors
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| Antihistimines-USES | Prevent and treat allergies and allergic reaction,decreases itching,cold
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| Side Effects | Drowiness,dysrhythmias,dry mouth and hypotention
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| H1 Antagonist-Antihystamines, Drugs such as: | Diphenhydramine(benadryl),chlorpheniramine,and fexofenadine.
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| Antitussives | Dextromethorphan,benzonatate is an non opioid.
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| Antitussives-USES | Reduces cough in non-productive cough
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| Side Effects | Drowsiness,GI upset & Constipation
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| Expectorants-ActionROBITUSSIN,MUCINEX | Decrease thickness of sputum for a productive cough
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| Expectorants-USES | Decreases viscosity(thickness)and promotes more productive cough
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| Expectorants-SIDE EFFECTS | Nausea,Vomiting,GI upset
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| Bronchodilators-ALBUTEROL,TERBUTALINE,SALMETEROL | Relax the smooth muscles in the bronchioles,producing dilation.
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| Bronchodilators-USES | Asma,bronchitis and emphysema and control of chronic airway problems
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| Bronchodilators-SIDE EFFECTS TAKE PULSE BEFORE GIVEN | Anxiety and Tremors,Angina,Tachycardia and Headache,Increase Pulse
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| Anticholinergics | COPD-There are two drugs that are used(ipratropium andtiotropium)
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| Antihistamine that does not cause drowisness? | loratadine(Claritin)
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| Which drugs are considered first-line drugs for the treatment of nasal congestion? | Decongestants such as Naphazoline
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| Antittussive primary action | Stop the cough reflex when the cough is non-productive
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| Diphenhydramine(Sleep) | Causes a hangover effect during the day after taking it.
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| Antihistamines are best tolerated when? | Taken with meals
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| The main adverse effect of antihistamine is? | Drowsiness
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| Antihistamines can cause? | Dry Mouth
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| Beta Agonist | A large group of drugs used in acute of asmatic attack.(Albuteral,epinephrine)
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| Excessive amonts of histamine can lead to anaphylaxis and severe allergic symptoms such as | Constriction of smooth muscle especially in stomach,lungs.^ body secretions,Vasodialation
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| H2 Antagonist or Beta Blockers include such drugs as: | cimetidine,rantindine,famotidine,and nazitatidine-they act on GI system
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| Histamine is a major inflammatory mediator of many alergic disorders such as: | Allergic rhinitis(inflamation of nasal passage)hayfever,mold,dust allergies,anaphylaxis,angiodema(swelling of skin)
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| Antitussive Drugs-opioid-hydrocodone and codine | Side Effects-sedation,nausea,vomiting,lightheadness,constipation.
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| Antitussive non-opioid | Benzonatate-dizzy,headache,sedation,nauseadextromethorphan-dizzy,drowsy,nausea
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| Decongestants:Adrenegics(sympathomimetics)Largest group of anticholinergics(parasymphatholytics) |
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| Anticholinerigics | Block the ACh receptors to prevent bronconstriction.this causes airway dialation
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| Anticholinergics-Contraindications | Allergy to atropine or to soy lecithin found in some inhalation formulations.(peanut iols,soybean and other beans.
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| Anticholinergics Side Effects | dry mouth or throat,nasal congestion,heart palputations
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| Antileukotrienes | A new class of asma medication(leukotriene receptor antagonists(LTRs)
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| Antileukotrienes-SINGULAR-Action | Blocks Inflammatory process of asma
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| SIDE EFFECTS OF SINGULAR | Headache,dypepsi,nausea,dizziness,insomia
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| Corticosteroids-Anti-Imflamatory-Decreases Inflamation. | Prednisone,Cortisone,Dexamethasone
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| Corticosteriods-Side EFFECTS | Peptic ulcer,GI Bleeding,hyperglycemia,delayed wound healing,Cushings Syndrome
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| WARNINGS OF CORTICOSTEROIDS | Check fluid balance,potassium and glucose levels
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| Mast Cell Stabilizer-Rarely Used | cromolyn and nedocromil-they prevent the release inflammitory mediator such as histamine
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