Ch 16 Adaptive Immunity
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| CLONAL SELECTION | The development of specific B and T cells against a specific antigen.
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| Adaptive Immunity | A vertebrate’s ability to recognize and then mount a defense against specific invaders and their products.
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| ANTIBODIES | Proteins that are made in response to an antigen.
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| ANTIBODY DEPENDENT CELL MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY | The killing of antibody-coated cells by natural killer cells and leucocytes.
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| ANTIBODY TITER | This is a reflection of the antibody-mediated humoral response and determines the relative amount of antibody in the serum.
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| ANTIGEN | Any substance that causes antibody formation and reacts only with its specific antibody.
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| ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS | These cells display a single antigen to T cells.
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| ANTISERUM | Blood-derived fluids containing antibodies.
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| ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE | This type of immunity results from vaccination.
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| ARTIFICIALLY ACQUIRED PASSIVE | This type of immunity involves the transfer of preformed antibodies by injection
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| Autoantigens | Self-antigens
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| B CELLS | These cells manufacture specific antibodies.
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| CELLULAR IMMUNITY | Immune response mediated by T cells.
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| CHEMOKINE | A cytokine that induces, by chemotaxis, the migration of leukocytes into infected areas.
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| CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE | A specialized T cell that destroys infected cells presenting antigens.
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| Endogenous antigens | Produced when protozoa, fungi, bacteria, and viruses reproduce inside a body’s cells.
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| EPITOPES | Antigenic determinants.
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| Exogenous antigens | Include toxins and other secretions and components of microbial cell walls, membranes, flagella, and pili.
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| GAMMA GLOBULINS | Immune serum globulins.
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| Helper T cells | These cells help to regulate the activity of B cells and cytotoxic T cells during an immune response.
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| HUMORAL IMMUNITY | Immune response mediated by B cells.
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| IGA | This immunoglobulin is found on mucosal surfaces.
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| IGD | This immunoglobulin is present on the surface of B cells.
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| IGE | This immunoglobulin is involved in allergic reactions.
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| IGG | This is the most abundant antibody in the serum.
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| IGM | This immunoglobulin is the first antibody produced in response to the initial infection.
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| IMMUNOGLOBULINS | Another name for antibodies.
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| INFLAMMATION | A host response to tissue damage characterized by redness, pain, heat and swelling.
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| INNATE RESISTANCE | The resistance of an individual to diseases that affect other species and other individuals of the same species.
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| Lymph | A colorless, watery liquid similar in composition to blood plasma.
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| Major Histocompatibility Complex | A cluster of genes which codes for the major histocompatibility antigens.
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| MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY | A specific antibody produced in vitro by a clone of B cells hybridized with cancerous cells.
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| MONOMER | The simplest molecular structure of a bivalent antibody.
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| NATURAL KILLER CELL | A lymphoid cell that destroys tumor cells and virus-infected cells.
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| NATURALLY ACQUIRED ACTIVE | This type of immunity can be obtained by exposure to antigen during daily life.
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| NATURALLY ACQUIRED PASSIVE | This type of immunity results from the natural transfer of antibodies from a mother to her infant.
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| Regulatory T cells | Previously known as suppressor T cells, also interact with other immune cells and produce different cytokines than helper T cells.
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| SECONDARY RESPONSE | Memory response.
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| T CELL | A type of lymphocyte that is responsible for cell-mediated immunity
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| Primary Response | The slow and limited immune response to a first encounter with an unfamiliar antigen
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