Cosmetology color theory
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| What are the three layers of the hair? | Cuticle , cortex ,medulla
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| What is color? | The visible perception of the reflection of light
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| Natural pigment is found where in the hair shaft? | Cortex
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| What are the primary colors? How are they made? | Red,blue,yellow. They occur naturally in nature
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| What are the secondary colors? How are they made? | Orange, green , violet. They are by mixing two primary colors in varying proportions
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| What are the tertiary colors? How are they made? | RO,RV,BV,BG,YG,YO. they are made by mixing a primary color with a neighboring secondary color in varying proportions
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| What are complementary colors? List them. | Colors located opposite one another on the color wheel that neutralize when mixed. When mixed they contain all 3 primary colors. (Red/Green),(blue/orange),(yellow/violet)
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| What is a Level | The lightness or darkness of a color relative to itself and other colors
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| What is a Hue? | An abbreviation for easy reference to a color, EX. RV= RedViolet
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| What is Intensity? | The vividness,brightness,or saturation of a color within its own level.
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| What is Contributing Pigment? | Natural pigment in the hair or previously applied artificial color
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| What is Texture? | The coarseness or fineness of the hair fiber
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| What are two coarse hair texture considerations? | -May appear to process lighter when coloring
-Generally more resistant
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| What are two fine hair texture considerations? | -May appear to process darker when coloring
-generally less resistant
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| What is resistant porosity? | Cuticle layers are smooth, tightly packed and compact
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| What is average porosity? | Cuticle layers are slightly raised and accept color easily
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| What is extreme porosity? | Cuticle layers are lifted and or missing. Color may take too intensely or not hold and fade quickly
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| 4 common factors that affect porosity of the hair? | -sun exposure
-alkaline shampoos
-chemical products
-heat from blow dryers and curling irons
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| What colors are warm? | R/V,R,R/O,O,Y/O,Y,Y/G
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| What colors are cool? | R/V,V,B/V,B,B/G,G,Y/G
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| What two colors can be considered both warm and cool? | R/V,Y/G
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| What is an undertone? | The unrefined warm tones exposed when lightening
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| Can color lift color? Can color affect color? | No,yes
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| What are corrective bases? | Complementary colors
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| In what two situations does oxidation occur? | When color mixes with developer, when oxygen touches color
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| Developers are alkaline or acidic? | Acidic
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| What volumes of developer are safe for on the scalp color applications? | 10v,20v,30v,40v
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| What volumes of developer are safe for on the scalp bleach applications? | 10v,20v
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| What volumes of developer are safe for off the scalp bleach applications? | 10v,20v,30v,40v,
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| Give the description for temporary color molecules | Large color molecules coat the cuticle
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| Temporary colors last how long ? | From shampoo to shampoo
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| Temporary colors are what type of colors? | Non-oxidative
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| Temporary colors create a physical or chemical change to the hair? | Physical
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| Give the description of semi permanent color molecules | Large color molecules coat the cuticle,smaller molecules budge into the cuticle
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| Semi permanent colors are what type of color molecules? | Non oxidative
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| Semi permanent colors lift or deposit only? | Deposit only
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| Give the description of permanent color molecules | Smaller molecules enter the cortex and couple up
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| Permanent colors are what type of colors? | Oxidative
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| Permanent colors lift or deposit only? | Capable of lifting natural color and depositing pigment in one process
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| What are non oxidative colors? | Colors that don’t require developer,add pigment, don’t lighten
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| What are oxidative colors? | Colors that are mixed with developer, deposit and lift in one process
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| What are 3 advantages of a filler? | Prevents dull results, prevents off color results, helps hair hold color
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| How do you formulate a filler? | One level lighter than the desired target level, always warm
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| What are the three hair qualities that affect the lifting ability of color on natural hair? | Porosity,elasticity,texture
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| What are the two principal ingredients needed to lighten hair? | Peroxide and an alkaline agent
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| What is the application process of a retouch color? | From base to line of demarcation or previous color
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| What is the application process of a traditional virgin application? | Mids&ends, then base
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| What is the application process of a traditional virgin darker application ? | Base to ends
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| What is the purpose of cross checking color? | To ensure even saturation
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| What are toners? | Toners are used to deposit color and neutralize unwanted pigment remaining after prelightening such as brassy golds or yellows
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| What is a double process technique? | Lighteners decolorize, toner application recolorizes
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| The most common vegetable dye is what? | Henna
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| What are metallic dyes? | Known as progressive dyes because hair darkens with each application
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| What volume of developer is standard use for grey coverage? | 20v
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| Give the description of Demi permanent color molecules | Large color molecules coat the cuticle smaller molecules enter the cortex,some couple up
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| Demi permanent colors are what kind of colors? | Oxidative
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| Demi permanent colors lift or deposit only? | Deposit only
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| What are compound dyes? | A combination of vegetable and metallic dyes
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