OCS - Ankle
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| show | Anterior talofibular, Calcaneofibular, Posterior talofibular
🗑
|
||||
| What muscles control eccentric plantar flexion? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | O: Anterior lateral condyle of tibia, anterior shaft of fibula and superior 3⁄4 of interosseous membrane
I: Dorsal surface; middle and distal phalanges of lateral four digits
🗑
|
||||
| What are the characteristics of a grade I ankle sprain? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the characteristics of a grade II ankle sprain? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | -near total functional loss
-positive anterior drawer and talar tilt
-hemhorraging
-extreme point tenderness
-decreased motion greater than 10 degrees
-swelling greater than 2.0cm
🗑
|
||||
| show | radiographs are indicated if the following are true:
1. tenderness along the tip of the posterior edge of distal lateral malleolus
2. tenderness along the medial malleolus
and/or
3. an inability to bear weight for 4 steps.
🗑
|
||||
| show | radiographs indicated if:
1. tenderness at base of 5th metatarsal
2. tenderness over the navicular
3. inability to bear weight for 4 steps
🗑
|
||||
| What are 4 tests for syndesmosis sprain? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Test for syndesmosis sprain - pt. is weight bearing in maximal DF and force then applied over both malleoli - if painful, may be a syndesmosis injury
🗑
|
||||
| show | Pt. sitting with knee bent to 90 degrees. Maximally dorsiflex pt.'s foot, then apply external rotation force. Positive test if pain is felt anteriorly where syndesmosis is.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Longus:
O: Head and proixmal two thirds of fibula
I: Medial cuneiform at base of 1st metatarsal
Brevis:
O: Inferior two thirds of fibula
I: Base of 5th metatarsal
🗑
|
||||
| What are the origin and insertion of the posterior tibialis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is are the Tom, Dick and Nervous Harry muscles? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How is the talar tilt test performed? What does it test for? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Progressive weight bearing, annd use external supports based on severity of injury/phase of healing (more severe injury = immobilization)
🗑
|
||||
| What should ice be used for post-acute lateral sprain? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Should ultrasound be used for ankle sprains? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tib anterior, tib posterior
🗑
|
||||
| What are the Bernese ankle rules? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show |
🗑
|
||||
| What intrinsic factors lead to an overuse injury? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What extrinsic factors lead to an overuse injury? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the differences between tendinitis, tendinosis, and tenosynovitis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What 4 tendons in the ankle/foot are most subject to tendinopathy? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tendinopathy is a generic descriptor of pain, swelling, etc. around tendons arising from overuse. Tendinosis and tendinitis may be applied after histopathological examination.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Failure of cell matrix adaptation to trauma - imbalance between matrix degeneration and synthesis. Normal collagenous structure is lost replaced by amorphous mucinal material lacking parallel, longitudinal collagen architecture of healthy tendon.
🗑
|
||||
| How would you differentiate tendinosis from tendinitis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Fatigued tendon from overuse loses its reparative ability with overuse - leads to cumulative microtrauma that weakens collagen cross -linking and impairs vasculature of the tendon.
🗑
|
||||
| What causes a spontaneous tendon rupture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | -hyper pronation of the foot
-limited subtalar motion
-leg length discrepancy
-varus deformity of the forefoot
-hindfoot inversion
🗑
|
||||
| show | When the inside edge of the foot is higher up off of the ground than the outside of the foot with calcaneus in neutral (if you purposely varus your knee, your forefoot will varus too)
🗑
|
||||
| show | Insidious, gradual increase in pain located 2-6 cm proximal to insertion and felt after exercise within days of a change in exercise regimen. Rest relieves pain, but return to activity reaggravates it.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Paratendonitis has crepitus, exquisite tenderness and swelling that doesn't move. Regular tendinopathy has no swelling or crepitus and has focal tender nodules that move as ankle is flexed/dorsiflexed.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the painful arc test? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are three important goals for treatment of achilles tendinopathy? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Short course of rest because repair and remodelling of collagen is stimulated by loading of the tendon.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Eccentric exercise targeting muscle hypertrophy, speed, strength and endurance.
🗑
|
||||
| For whom is operative achilles treatment recommended? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1. Pain and swelling along tendon 2. Unable to perform single heel raise. Collapsed medial arch, hindfoot valgus, subtalar eversion, forefoot abduction. Talonavicular joint can be reduced with foot in equinus 3. flatfoot, unable to single heel raise
🗑
|
||||
| What are the origin and insertion of the posterior tibialis | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | -UCBL brace, molded ankle foot brace, Marzano brace - something to prevent progressive valgus of hindfoot.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the definition of a stress fracture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | tibia>metatarsals and fibula
🗑
|
||||
| What types of stress fractures are most common in track athlete? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tibial stress fracture
🗑
|
||||
| show | Metatarsal fractures
🗑
|
||||
| show | Hx of previous stress fx. Low bone density. Menstrual irregularity in women. Low calcium intake. High arches (for femoral and tibial stress fractures)
🗑
|
||||
| show | insidious onset of activity related pain that progressively worsens over time. Localized bony tenderness (most obvious sign).
🗑
|
||||
| What test can be used to confirm a femoral stress fx? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Require special attention due to higher rate of nonunion.
🗑
|
||||
| Which parts of the leg would a critical stress fracture occur in? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which parts of the lower leg would a non-critical stress fracture occur in? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the presentation of a Medial tibia stress fracture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Indicates nonunion of anterior tibial stress fx - due to bony resorption. Anterior cortex of tibia has poor vascularity and increased tension due to bowing of the tibia
🗑
|
||||
| show | 4-6 monts of rest and immobilization, bone stimulation and surger.
🗑
|
||||
| What causes fibula stress fracture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 6-8 weeks of rest.
🗑
|
||||
| What types of metatarsal fractions require special consideration? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the three types of 5th metatarsal fractures? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Jones fracture and distal diaphysial fracture (prone to nonunion)
🗑
|
||||
| How would you treat a Jones or distal diaphyseal stress fracture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the function of the sesamoid bones of the 1st MTP joint? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Reversible ischemia secondary to noncompliant osseofascial compartment that is unresponsive to expansion of muscle volume during exercise
🗑
|
||||
| What are symptoms of compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the causes of Compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | EHL, EDL, Peroneus tertius, Anterior tib.
🗑
|
||||
| show | Deep peroneal nerve
🗑
|
||||
| show | Gastroc/soleus/sural nerve
🗑
|
||||
| show | FHL, FDL, Posterior tib, posterior tibial nerve
🗑
|
||||
| show | anterior>deep posterior>lateral>superfiicial posterior
🗑
|
||||
| show | Weak ankle DF, weak toe extension, paresthesias on dorsum of the foot, numbness in first web space
🗑
|
||||
| show | weakness of toe flexion and foot inversion. Paresthesias on plantar aspect of foot
🗑
|
||||
| What are symtpoms of superficial posterior compartment syndrome? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | anterolateral ssensory change, eversion weakness
🗑
|
||||
| show | Conservative: relative rest (limiting activity to levels that avoids above minimal symptoms), anti -inflammatories, stretch, strengthen
🗑
|
||||
| show | if symtpoms last longer than 12 weeks, fasciotomy
🗑
|
||||
| What is a shin splint (medial tibial stress syndrome?) | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Tendinopathy along tibial attachment of tib posterior or soleus, or possibly posterior compartment syndrome
Could be caused by valgus of rear foot, excessive pronation and resulting increased eccentric contraction of soleus, post tib
🗑
|
||||
| show | knee varus, femoral anteversion, excessive Q angle, forefoot varus
🗑
|
||||
| show | Relative rest, correction of recent transition in training. No hill running or uneven surfaces. Shoe wear to prevent rearfoot valgus and to prevent pronation. NSAIDS
🗑
|
||||
| show | Presence of limited ankle DF, high BMI in nonathletic individuals, running and work-related weight bearing activities, particularly under conditions with poor shock absorption
🗑
|
||||
| show | Passive dorsiflexion of great toe - if pain is produced
🗑
|
||||
| show | Passive maximal dorsiflex and evert the foot - if tenderness over post tibial nerve, positive test
🗑
|
||||
| show | FAAM (Foot and ankle ability measure)
🗑
|
||||
| show |
🗑
|
||||
| What kind of taping should be done for plantar fascia? How long will the effect last? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Either pre fabricated or custom orthoses to support medial longitudinal arch and to cushion the heel for short term (2 weeks) to long term (1 year) periods, especially in those individuals who respond to anti pronation taping
🗑
|
||||
| How should night splints be used in the management of plantar fasciitis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Stretching: plantar fascia/gastroc soleus. Manual therapy: Jt.mobs - posterior glide of talus. STM of plantar fascia, gastoc, soleus focusing on TrP. Anti pronation taping. Foot orthoses for medial arch and heel cushionng. Night splints for 1-3 month.
🗑
|
||||
| show | DIP of usually the 2nd toe is in flexion contracture
🗑
|
||||
| What is the presentation of a hammer toe? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the presentation of a claw toe? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Between the sole and the foot - it is the cushioned part
🗑
|
||||
| What part of the shoe is the upper? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | How the upper is attached to the midsole
🗑
|
||||
| show | Firm board with rigid platform for the foot - most stable, but least common in today's running shoes
🗑
|
||||
| What is a slip lasted shoe? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Slip lasted shoe
🗑
|
||||
| What is a combination lasted shoe? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is a Strobel lasted shoe? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Straight, curved and semi-curved
🗑
|
||||
| show | Heavier, provide more arch support
🗑
|
||||
| show | Light, less cumbersome than a straight last - used often in competitive runners
🗑
|
||||
| What is the benefit of a semi-curved last? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the medial post? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the benefit of a medial post? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is a drawback of a medial post? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Stiffens shoe under the arch, near center of the foot, making shoe more resistant to torsion
🗑
|
||||
| What are the benefits of a shank? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How much big toe extension is needed during normal gait ? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 15 degrees
🗑
|
||||
| show | Avulsion fracture - nonunion is ucommon
🗑
|
||||
| show | Jones fracture - nonunion is common. Occurs at the metaphyseal, diaphyseal junction which a vascular "watershed" area of poor vascularity
🗑
|
||||
| What is zone 3 fracture? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is anterolateral impingement syndrome of the ankle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the lateral gutter of the ankle? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Conserative treatment, then steroid injection or debridement.
🗑
|
||||
| What is the appropriate treatment for a fracture of the 4th phalange with 5 degrees of angulation and that does not involve the joint? | show 🗑
|
||||
| When is a person said to have lost protective sensation of the foot? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the signs and symptoms of PTTD? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is tarsal tunnel syndrome? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Parasthesias on plantar aspect of the foot, vague burning in the medial ankle
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
Dallin I
Popular Physical Therapy sets