exam 5
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| show | first controlled experiments challenging spontaneous generation. meat experiment
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| show | "a life force" produced spontaneous generation. boiling was not long enough to kill endospores of microbes
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| Lazzaro Spallanzani | show 🗑
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| Pasteur's swan necked flask | show 🗑
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| Germ theory by pasteur | show 🗑
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| show | 1. dev and use of solid media. able to isolate bacteria
2. verified "Germ theory"
3.Dev "Koch's postulates"
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| Koch postulates | show 🗑
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| Dmitri Iwaniwski | show 🗑
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| Karl Landsteiner and Erwin popper | show 🗑
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| show | independently recognized viruses which infect bacteria, bacteriophages
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| show | grow poliovirus in vitro using human tissue culture
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| show | dev electron microscope
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| show | demonstration of morphology and size of stained bacteria and fungi
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| Phase-contract | show 🗑
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| dark-field | show 🗑
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| show | ID microorganism w/ sp AB conjugated w/ fluorochromes
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| show | demonstrating viruses in biological material and demonstrating ultrastructures of other microorganisms
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| scanning electron | show 🗑
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| show | often isolated from extreme env, highly saline lakes or acidic hot spings
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| Fungi | show 🗑
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| show | multicellular, filamentous growth,repro via sexual and asexual spores
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| show | unicellular, oval to round, reproduce by budding
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| components of flagella | show 🗑
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| Fimbria | show 🗑
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| Pili (conjugation pili) | show 🗑
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| Gram staining procedure | show 🗑
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| endospores | show 🗑
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| show | when the cytoplasmic mem grows and engulfs forespore w/in a second mem. vegetatice cell's DNA disintegrates.
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| Effector proteins | show 🗑
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| generation time | show 🗑
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| How is oxygen damaging to anerobes | show 🗑
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| why do microbes require water | show 🗑
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| two common isolation techniques | show 🗑
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| show | blood agar, macConkey agar, trypticase soy agar
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| show | contain nutrients released by partial digestion of yeast, beef, soy, casein. Fastidious bacteria grow
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| show | provide additional growth factors (NADH and heme)
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| show | contains substances for particular organism or inhibit the growth of unwanted organisms.
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| show | plasmids, bacteriophages, transposons
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| phage typing | show 🗑
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| show | chemicals that affect physiology in any matter
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| antimicrobial agents | show 🗑
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| show | "Magic bullets" arsenic compounds that killed Treponema pallidum, causative agent of syphilis
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| Gerhard Domagk | show 🗑
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| show | Penicillin released from Penicillum spp.
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| show | Antimicrobial agents produced naturally by organisms.
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| Selective Toxicity | show 🗑
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| Mechanism of action of inhibition of cell wall syn | show 🗑
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| Inhibition of cell wall syn | show 🗑
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| Examples of beta lactams | show 🗑
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| show | more stable in acidic env. more readily absorbed, less susceptible to deactivation, more active against more types of bacteria.
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| Mechanism of action inhibition of protein syn | show 🗑
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| Mechanism of action disruption of cytoplasmic mem | show 🗑
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| Mechanism of action inhibition of Nucleic acid syn | show 🗑
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| show | effective when metabolic processes of pathogens and host differ
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| Ideal antimicrobial agent | show 🗑
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| show | 1. New mutations of chromosomal genes
2.Acquistion of R plasmid via transformation, transduction, conjugation
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| show | 1.Produce enzyme that destroys activating drug
2.Slow or prevent entry of drug into cell
3.Alter target of drug, less binding
4.Alter metabolic chem
5.Pump antimicrobial drug out of cell before it can act
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| show | Bacteria: benefit
Host: benefit
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| show | Bacteria: benefit
Host: neither benefit nor harmed
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| show | Bacteria: benefit
host: harmed
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| show | are a part of the normal microbiota throughout life. mostly commensal
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| show | Remain in the body for a short period. Found in the same regions as resident microbiota. Competition from other microorganisms. Elimination by the bodys defense cells
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| Opportunistic pathogens | show 🗑
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| Conditions that provide opportunities for pathogens | show 🗑
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| Reservoirs of infection | show 🗑
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| Types of reserviors | show 🗑
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| Exotoxin | show 🗑
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| show | 1. Neutralization
2. Opsonization
3.Oxidation
4.Agglutination
5.ADCC
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