Civil War
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| Election of 1860 | Republicans nominated Lincoln, the Democrats chose one candidate from the North and another from the South. The split party allowed Lincoln to win, without winning a single Southern state.
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| Abraham Lincoln | "Honest Abe" ran for president on a platform that opposed the extension of slavery in the territories, but not in the South.
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| Confederate States of America | states the seceded from the United States after Lincoln was elected president
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| Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederacy
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| Lincoln's First Inaugural Address | reassured Southerners that he would not interfere with slavery; he would do whatever it took to preserve the Union, by force if necessary
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| Fort Sumter | federal fort in South Carolina; Lincoln refused to surrender the fort to South Carolina, Confederate forces fired on it to begin the Civil War
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| "Anaconda Plan" | Northern long-term strategy suggested by General Winfield Scott that aimed at strangling the South
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| Robert E. Lee | General, highly respected on both sides, who ultimately decided to fight on the side of his home state of Virginia
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| Conscription (Draft) | required military service
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| "Stonewall" Jackson | Confederate General forced to retreat from the Battle of Bull Run. Widely regarded as one of the best Confederate commanders
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| Battle of Antietam | aka Battle of Sharpsburg; bloodiest single day of the Civil War
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| "Battle Hymn of the Republic" | Marching song for the Union Army to the tune of "John Brown's Body" with words by Julia Ward Brown
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| Emancipation Proclamation | document freeing the slaves of the rebelling states, not in the loyal boarder states; disrupted the Confederacy's plantation economy and ended chances of French and British intervention
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| Battle of Gettysburg | turning point in the war in which Lee's army suffered havy casualties and was forced to retreat
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| Gettysburg Address | Lincoln's speech that explained the meaning of the Civil War
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| Battle of Vicksburg | Confederacy controlled movement along the Mississippi River until General Grant and the Union forces won this battle after a 47-day siege
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| William Carney | first African American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor
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| Ulysses S. Grant | Placed in charge of all Union forces after the Battle of Vicksburg - his goal was the total destruction of Confederate forces
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| William T. Sherman | General sent with a Union army across Georgia to further divide the Confederacy
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| Phillip Bazaar | first Hispanic-American to receive the Congressional Medal of Honor
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| Election of 1864 | Republican Abraham Lincoln versus Democrat George McClellan with Lincoln winning the election
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| Second Inaugural Address | focus was on the sin of slavery - Southern slave owners had been willing to make war on the Union rather than give up their slaves
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| Appomattox Court House | site of General Lee's surrender - ending the Civil War
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| John Wilkes Boothe | actor who shot and assassinated Abraham Lincoln
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