AP Human Geography
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| Culture | Group of belief systems, norms, and values practiced by a people
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| Folk Culture | Small, homogenous population that is typically rural and cohesive in cultural traits that are passed down from generation to generation.
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| Popular Culture | Cultural traits such as dress, diet, and music that identify and are part of today’s changeable, urban-based, media-influenced, global society.
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| Local culture | People who see themselves as a collective or a community, share experiences, customs, and traits, and work to preserve their traits and customs in a place.
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| Material culture | Physical aspects of culture, including art, tools, buildings, and clothing that are made by people.
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| Nonmaterial culture | Non physical aspects of culture, including beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values that are defined by people.
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| Hierarchical diffusion | Spread of an idea or innovation from one person or place to another person or place based on a hierarchy of connectedness. Specific type of expansion diffusion.
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| Hearth | Area or place where an idea, innovation, or technology originates.
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| Customs | Common practice or routine way of doing things in a culture.
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| Assimilation | When a minority group loses distinct cultural traits, such as dress, food, or speech, and adopts the customs of the dominant culture. Can happen voluntarily or by force.
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| Indigenous local cultures | People who see themselves as a community and also identify as indigenous, or original, to a place.
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| Context | The physical and human geographies creating the place, environment, and space in which events occur and people act.
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| Neolocalism | Conscious effort to define a sense of place for local or regional culture. Often used by local businesses, such as microbreweries, to identify local products with local or regional culture.
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| Ethnic neighborhoods | Area within an urban area where a relatively large group of people from one ethnic group or local culture lives.
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| Gentrification | Renewal or rebuilding of a lower income neighborhood into a middle- to upper-class neighborhood, which results in driving up property values and rents and the dispossession of lower income residents.
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| Cultural appropriation | When one culture adopts customs and knowledge from another culture and uses them for its own benefit.
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| Commodification | Transformation of goods and services into products that can be bought, sold, or traded.
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| Authenticity | The idea that one place or experience is the true, actual one.
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| Distance decay | Decreasing likelihood of diffusion with greater distance from the hearth.
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| Time-space compression | Increasing connectedness between world cities from improved communication and transportation networks.
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| Music festival | Concert event featuring multiple performers and additional entertainment that often lasts more than one day.
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| Hallyu (Hanryu) | South Korean waves of popular culture, especially in music, television, and movies.
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| Reterritorialization | When a local culture shapes an aspect of popular culture as their own, adopting the popular culture to their local culture.
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| Stimulus diffusion | A process of diffusion where two cultural traits blend to create a distinct trait.
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| Relocation diffusion | Spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth by the act of people moving and taking the idea or innovation with them.
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| Cultural landscape | The visible human imprint on the landscape.
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| Placelessness | Loss of uniqueness of a location so that one place looks like the next.
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| Convergence of cultural landscapes | Merging of cultural landscapes that happens with broad diffusion of landscape traits.
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| Urban morphology | The layout of a city, including the sizes and shapes of buildings and the pathways of infrastructure.
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Created by:
Anya P.
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