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Chapter 8

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Term
Definition
State   show
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show Sense of ownership and attachment to a specific territory.  
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show Treaties negotiated in 1648 that formally recognized the sovereignty of states.  
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Sovereignty   show
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show Right of a state to defend sovereign territory against incursion from other states.  
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show Physically taking over a territory and people and controlling the economy and government.  
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show An early form of capitalism based on trading large quantities of goods, using gold and silver as currencies.  
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show A group of people with a shared past and common future who relate to each other and share a common political goal.  
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Imagined community   show
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Nation-state   show
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show State (country) with more than one nation (people).  
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Multistate nation   show
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Stateless nation   show
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show From the late 1400s to 1850s, when Europeans colonized the Americas and coastal Africa.  
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show From the 1850s to 1960s, when Europeans colonized Africa and Asia in the context of the industrial revolution.  
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World-Systems Theory   show
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show Economic system where people, corporations, and states produce goods and services and trade them on the world market with the goal of making a profit.  
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show Transformation of goods and services into products that can be bought, sold, or traded.  
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show Places in the world economy where core processes dominate.  
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Periphery   show
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Semi-periphery   show
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show In nationalism, attributes of a nation that can be activated or manipulated to unite the nation, such as national iconography, patriotism, shared culture and history, or common religion or ideology.  
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show In nationalism, attributes of a nation that can be activated or manipulated to divide the nation, such as unequal distribution of wealth, or religious, linguistic, ethnic, and ideological differences.  
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show A state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state.  
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Federal states   show
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show Transfer of power from central government to regional or local government within a state (country).  
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Democracy   show
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show Redistribution of representatives based on population change. For example, seats in the U.S. House of Representatives are reapportioned across states after each census before each state redistricts.  
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Splitting   show
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Majority-minority districts   show
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Gerrymandering   show
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show A plane that stretches beneath the subsoil and into the airspace that legally divides two countries.  
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show Political boundaries defined and delimited (and occasionally demarcated) as a straight line or an arc.  
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show Political boundary defined by a prominent physical feature in the physical landscape, such as a riverbank or the crest of a mountain range.  
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show British geographer Halford Mackinder’s theory that a political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world. “Who controls ... the World Island controls the world.”  
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Unilateralism   show
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show Movement of economic, social, and cultural processes out of the hands of states (countries).  
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show When a local culture shapes an aspect of popular culture as their own, adopting the popular culture to their local culture.  
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Supranational organizations   show
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