Human Geography Chapter 10 Vocab
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Gross National Product (GNP) | show 🗑
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP) | show 🗑
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show | A measurement of a country’s wealth that includes the total value of all goods and services produced within the borders of a country, plus income received from investments outside of the country in a year.
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show | The Gross National Income (GNI) of a given country divided by its population.
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Formal economy | show 🗑
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Informal economy | show 🗑
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show | Growing gap in access to Internet and communication technologies between connected and remote places.
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Dependency ratio | show 🗑
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show | Agenda agreed to by member countries of the United Nations to improve peoples’ lives across several human conditions, including education, environment, political liberty, poverty, and inequality.
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show | Theory that countries follow the same path along stages of development. Developed by economist Walter Rostow.
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show | The physical and human geographies creating the place, environment, and space in which events occur and people act.
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show | Economic and financial policies that give higher income countries and organizations control over lower income countries.
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Structuralist Theory | show 🗑
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show | Andre Gunder Frank’s theory that wealthy countries set up exploitative economic relations whereby lower income countries became dependent on wealthy countries, who in turn benefit economically.
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show | When one country abandons their local currency and officially adopts the currency of another country.
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show | Theory originated by Immanuel Wallerstein and illuminated by his three-tier structure, proposing that social change in and economic wealth in the periphery is inextricably linked to the core.
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Three tier structure | show 🗑
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Core | show 🗑
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Periphery | show 🗑
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show | Places where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by the core but in turn exploit the periphery.
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Commodity chain | show 🗑
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show | A place where goods are transferred from one form of transport to another. For example, in a port, containers are unloaded from ships and put on trains, trucks, or riverboats for inland distribution.
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show | A set of requirements to open markets, privatize industries, and allow foreign direct investment in developing countries in exchange for loans from international financial institutions.
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Washington Consensus | show 🗑
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Neoliberalism | show 🗑
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show | A form of forced migration in which organized criminal elements move people illegally from one place to another, typically either to work as involuntary laborers or to participate in the commercial sex trade.
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Maquiladora | show 🗑
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show | Spread of desert like conditions to semiarid lands due to overuse or misuse of land and water resources
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Islands of development | show 🗑
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show | Private funded institutions that aid in development and relief work.
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Microcredit programs | show 🗑
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