Pelvis and thigh trail guide
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| 1. Name the three bones that make up the hip (coxal) bone | ilium, ischium, and pubis
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| 2. The ___ and ___ are considered part of both the pelvis and the vertebral column | sacrum, coccyx
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| 3. Describe the difference between a typical male and female pelvis | female pelvis: broader for childbearing,
wider iliac crest
larger pelvis "bowl"
greater distance between ischial tuberosities
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| 4. The ___ can be palpated by following the superior pelvis from the ASIS to the PSIS on the side of the torso | iliac crest
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| 5. Which pair of bony landmarks can be visually identified by two small dimples at the base of the lower back? | posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
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| 6. The ___ are often called the "sits bones" | ischial tuberosities
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| 7. Which large bony landmark can be located by sliding your fingerpads inferiorly four to six inches along the lateral side of the thigh. | greater trochanter
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| 8. The ___ is located on the medial surface of the ilium and serves as an attachment site for the iliacus muscle | iliac fossa
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| the pelvis (pelvic girdle) consists of the __, the ___, and the 2 ___. | sacrum, coccyx, and 2 hip bones
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| each hip bone is formed by the fusion of the of three smaller bones which are | ilium, ischium, and pubis
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| the ___ is the longest, heaviest, and strongest bone in the body | femur
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| 1. The ___ is composed of 4-5 fused vertebrae and the __ is composed of 3-4 fused bones. | sacrum, coccyx
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| 2. The ridge running down the center of the sacrum is the ___ | median sacral crest
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| 3. the coccyx is located nearest to which topographical feature? | gluteal cleft
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| 4. The ____ joint can be found just inferior and medial to the PSIS | sacroiliac
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| 5. With your partner prone, what passive positional adjustment and motion will help you to feel movement in the sacroiliac joint. | flex partner knee to 90 degrees and rotate the hip laterally and medially
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| 6. Which bony landmark can be found just distal to the greater trochanter and directly lateral to the ischial tuberosity? | gluteal tuberosity
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| 7. What are a couple ways to increase comfort for both you and your partner while palpating in the pubic region? | -explain what you are doing
- ask permission
- use partners hand to palpate with your hand guiding on top
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| 8. The ___ are the bony prominences located on the superior part of the pubic crest | pubic tubercles
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| 9. The superior ramus of the pubis forms a ridge that serves as an attachment site for the ___? | pectineus
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| 10. The rami of the pubis form a bridge between the __ and the ___. | pubic crest, ischial tuberosity
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| 11. What is the recommended position of your partner while palpating the pubic rami? | supine, with your flexed knee under your partners knee
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| 12. The ___ is the horizontal line between the buttock and thigh. | gluteal fold
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| The __ is a large triangular shaped bone at the inferior end of the vertebral column. it is made up of 4 or 5 vertebra that are fused together. | sacrum
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| The ___ is a diamond shaped area at the inferior aspect of the pelvis. it is framed by the pubic symphysis, ischial tuberosities, and the coccyx. | perineum
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| 1. The muscles of the pelvis and thigh primarily create movement at the ___ and __ joints. | coxal (hip), tibiofemeral (knee)
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| 2. __ is the only quadriceps muscle that crosses two joints, the hip and knee. | rectus femoris
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| 3. Deep to the iliotibial tract, the ___ is the sole muscle of the lateral thigh | vastus lateralis
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| 4. to follow the path of the rectus femoris, it is helpful to draw an imaginary line from the __ to the ___. | anterior inferior iliac spine, patella
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| 5. While your partner extends his knee, palpate just medial and proximal to the patella for the bublous shape of the _____. | vastus medialis
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| 6. All three hamstrings share a common origin at the ____. | ischial tuberosity
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| 7. The hamstrings are located on the posterior thigh between the __ and ___ muscles | vastus lateralis, adductor magnus
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| 8. In which direction does biceps femoris rotate the hip? | laterally
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| 9. The ___ is the more superficial of the medial hamstrings. | semitendinosus
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| The origin of biceps femoris is? | ischial tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera
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| The insertion biceps femoris? | head of the fibula
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| The origin rectus femoris? | anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)
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| The insertion of rectus femoris? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
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| The origin for semimembranosus is? | ischial tuberosity
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| The insertion semimembranosus is? | posterior aspect of medial condyle of tibia
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| The origin semitendinosus is? | ischial tuberosity
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| The insertion of semitendinosus is? | proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendon
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| The vastus intermedius origin is? | anterior and lateral shaft of the femur
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| the vastus intermedius insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
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| The vastus lateralis origin is? | lateral lip of linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and greater trochanter
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| The vastus lateralis insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
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| The vastus medialis origin is? | medial lip of linea aspera
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| The vastus medialis insertion is? | tibial tuberosity (via the patella and patellar ligament)
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| The passive flexion of the knee would __ the vastus lateralis | lengthen
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| Passive tilting of the pelvis anteriorly would __ the biceps femoris | lengthen
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| Passive medial rotation of the hip would ___ the semitendinosus | shorten
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| Passive extension of knee would ___ the vastus intermedius | shorten
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| Passive lateral rotation if the flexed knee would ___ the biceps femoris | shorten
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| Passive flexion of the hop would ___ the semimembranosus, but ___ the rectus femoris | lengthen, shorten
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| 1. Of the three gluteal muscles, the __ is the most posterior and superficial | gluteus maximus
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| 2. Which gluteal muscle has the ability to flex and extend the hip (but not simultaneously) | gluteus medius
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| 3. Locating the coccyx, the posterior two inches of the iliac crest and gluteal tuberosity will help you to outline which muscle? | gluteus maximus
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| 4. To palpate gluteus minimus, you will need to sink your fingers deep to which muscle? | gluteal medius
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| 5. To locate both gluteus medius and minimus in a side lying position, you could ask your partner to perform which movement? | adduct your hip
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| 6. The adductor tendons form a connective tissue drape along the base of the pelvis extending from which two bony landmarks? | superior ramus of the pubis, ischial tuberosity
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| 7. Located just anterior to the hamstrings, ___is the most posterior of teg adductor muscles, | adductor magnus
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| 8. Gracilis is the only adductor to cross which joint, | knee
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| 9. What are the two actions common to all the muscles of the adductor group? | adduct the hip, medially rotate the hip
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| 10. You will find the prominent tendon(s) of the gracilis and adductor longus extending off of, or nearby, which bony landmark? | pubic tubercle
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| 11. Which muscle can be located just anterior to the prominent adductor tendon | pectineus
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| 12. Which muscle can be located between the ischial tuberosity and the adductor tubercle? | adductor magnus
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| The origin adductor brevis is? | inferior ramus of pubis
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| The insertion adductor brevis is? | pectineal line and medial lip of linea aspera
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| The adductor longus origin is? | pubic tubercle
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| The adductor longus insertion is? | medial lip of linea aspera
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| The adductor magnus origin? | inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
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| The adductor magnus insertion? | medial lip of linea aspera and adductor tubercle
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| The gluteus maximus origin is? | coccyx, edge of sacrum, posterior iliac crest, sacrotuberous and sacroiliac ligaments
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| The gluteus maximus insertion is? | iliotibial tract (upper fibers) and gluteal tuberosity (lower fibers)
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| The gluteus medius origin is? | gluteal surface of the ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just below iliac crest
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| The gluteus medius insertion? | lateral aspect of greater trochanter
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| The gluteus minimus origin is? | gluteal surface of the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines
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| The gluteus minimus insertion is? | anterior aspect of greater trochanter
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| The gracilis origin is? | inferior ramus of pubis (2)
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| The gracilis insertion is? | proximal, medial shaft of tibia at pes anserinus tendon
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| The pectineus origin is? | superior ramus of pubis
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| The pectineus insertion is? | pectineal line of femur
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| 16. Passive abduction to the hip would ___ the adductor brevis and longus | lengthen
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| 17. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the gluteus maximus | shorten
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| 18. Passive extension of the hip would __ the posterior fibers if the adductor magnus | shorten
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| 19. Passive adduction of the hip would __ the gluteus medius | lengthen
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| 20. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would ___ the gluteus minimus | lengthen
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| 21. Passive extension and lateral rotation of the hip would ___ the gracilis | legthen
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| 22. Passive medial rotation of the hip would __ the adductors | shorten
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| 23. Passive flexion of the hip would __ the gluteus maximus | lengthen
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| 1. Which muscle is most accessible between the upper fibers of the rectus femoris and gluteus medius? | tensor fascia latae
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| 2. Which cablelike band of fascia can be isolated just anterior to the biceps femoris tendon? | iliotibial tract
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| 3. In order to feel the tensor fasciae latae contract, position your partner in a supine position and ask him to perform what action? | medially rotate your hip
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| 4. Which muscle stretches from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the medial knee? | sartorius
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| 5. The proximal fibers of the sartorius are just lateral to which artery. | femoral
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| 6. Which three tendons blend together to becomes to pes anserinus tendon? | semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius
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| 7. Which muscle lies superficial to the sciatic nerve and can compress the nerve if overcontracted? | piriformis
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| 8. To locate the piriformis, form a T with which three bony landmarks? | coccyx, posterior superior iliac spine, greater trochanter
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| 9. Which rectangular muscle can be isolated by placing your fingerpads between the distal, posterior aspect of the greater trochanter and the ischial tuberosity? | quadratus femoris
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| 10. which muscle spans from the anterior surface of the lumbar vertebrae to the lesser trochanter? | psoas major
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| 11. To access the psoas major, place your fingerpads between the ___ and __ before slowly compressing toward the muscle | anterior superior iliac spine navel
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| 13. What action could you ask your partner to perform to confirm that you have located the psoas major? | flex your hip ever so slightly
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| The gemellus inferior origin is? | ischial tuberosity
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| The gemellus inferior insertion? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3)
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| The gemellus superior origin is? | ischial spine
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| The gemellus superior insertion is? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3)
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| The iliacus origin is? | iliac fossa
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| The iliacus insertion is? | lesser trochanter (2)
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| The obturator externus origin is? | rami of pubis and ischium, obturator membrane
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| The obturator externus insertion is? | trochanteric fossa of femur
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| The obturator internus origin is? | obturator membrane and inferior surface of obturator foramen
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| The obturator internus insertion is? | medial surface of greater trochanter (3)
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| The piriformis origin is? | anterior surface of sacrum
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| The piriformis insertion is? | superior aspect of greater trochanter
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| The psoas major origin is? | bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebra
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| The psoas major insertion? | lesser trochanter (2)
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| The psoas minor origin? | body and transverse process of first lumbar vertebra
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| The psoas minor insertion? | superior ramus of pubis
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| Quadratus femoris origin is? | lateral border of ischial tuberosity
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| Quadratus femoris insertion is? | intertrochanteric crest, between the greater and lesser trochanters
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| Satorius origin is? | anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
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| Satorius insertion is? | proximal, medial shaft of the tibia at pes anserinus tendone
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| Tensor fasciae latae origin? | iliac crest, posterior to the ASIS
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| Tensor fasciae latae insertion? | iliotibial tract
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| 1. Passive medial rotation of the flexed knee would ___ the sartorius | shorten
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| 2. Passive adduction of the hip would ____ the tensor fasciae latae? | lengthen
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| 3. Passive extension of the hip would ___ the iliopsoas muscles? | lengthen
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| 4. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the piriformis | shorten
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| 5. Passive extension of the hip would __ the psoas major. | lengthen
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| 6. Passive flexion of the hip would __ the sartoriuis | shorten
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| 7. Passive lateral rotation of the hip would __ the iliacus | shorten
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| 8. Passive medial rotation of the hip would ___ the tensor fascia latae | shorten
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| 9. Passive medial rotation of the hip would __ the quadratus femoris | lengthen
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| 10. Passive abduction of the hip would ___ the sartorius | shorten
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| 1. The inguinal ligament stretches from the __ to the __ | anterior superior iliac supine, pubic tubercle
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| 2. Which three vessels pass through the femoral triangle? | femoral artery, femoral nerve, femoral vein
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| 3. Where should you position your fingers to feel the pulse of the femoral artery? | between ASIS and pubic tubercle, just distal to the inguinal ligament
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| 4. What structure spans from the ischial tuberosity to the edge of the sacrum | sacrotuberous ligament
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| 5. The ___ ligaments help to reinforce the union of the sacrum and the ilium? | sacroiliac
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| 6. The transverse processes of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebrae and the posterior iliac crest are helpful landmarks in finding which ligament? | iliolumbar
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| 7. Which structure spans from the lower lumbar vertebrae, between the ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter and down the posterior thigh? is the largest nerve in body. | sciatic nerve
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| 8. Which structure reduces friction between the greater trochanter and the gluteus maximus? | trochanteric bursa
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| The ___ is the only quadriceps located anterior on the thigh that crosses two joints-- hip and knee | rectus femoris
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| the palpable aspect of the __ forms a "teardrop" shape at the distal portion of the medial thigh | vastus medialis
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| The ___ is the longest muscle in the body. | sartorius
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