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Year 7 Geography

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Term
Definition
Lava   Liquid magma that reaches the surface; also the rock formed when liquid lava hardens.  
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Tectonic plates   Sections of the Earth's crust that move due to convection currents.  
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Earthquakes   A sudden, violent movements of Earth's crust.  
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Direction   Shown on a map by the points of the compass.  
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Contour   A line drawn on a map to join places at the same height above sea level.  
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Grid Square   A square on a map representing an area on the ground.  
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Geography   The study of the earth's natural features and its people.  
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Volcano   A cone-shaped mountain made up of lava and ash.  
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Magma   Molten rock below the earth's surface.  
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Peninsula   A piece of land surrounded on three sides by the sea.  
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Core   The central part of the earth below the mantle.  
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Mantle   The layer of the earth beneath the crust and above the core.  
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Map   A drawing which shows part of the earth's surface at a reduced scale.  
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Continents   Large landmasses on Earth's surface.  
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Oceans   Large bodies of salt water that cover 71 percent of the Earth's surface and contain 97 percent of our planet's water.  
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Greater Antilles   Group of islands that includes Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico.  
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Lesser Antilles   Group of islands that extend from the Virgin Islands to Trinidad and Tobago.  
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Divergent boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.  
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Convergent boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other.  
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Transform boundary   A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions.  
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Seismic waves   These are energy waves that result from earthquakes, explosions, or volcanoes. These waves are felt on earth's crust.  
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Focus   The place inside Earth's crust where an earthquake originates.  
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Epicenter   The point on earth's surface directly above the focus.  
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Richter Scale   A scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves.  
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