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OCR Definitions for Paper 2

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Term
Definition
Economic growth   show
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show Total value of goods and services produced in an economy in a year.  
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GDP per capita   show
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show Spending on capital goods.  
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How changes in technology cause economic growth   show
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Size of workforce   show
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show An increase in the skills of the workforce will improve the quality of labour.  
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Availability of natural resources   show
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Employment   show
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show When workers are willing and able to work but unable to find employment.  
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show A measure of unemployment counting the number of people who are claiming unemployment benefits.  
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show The percentage of the workforce who are unemployed.  
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Cyclical unemployment   show
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Frictional unemployment   show
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show Unemployment when there is a lack of demand during a certain period of the year.  
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Structural unemployment   show
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show How incomes are shared out between individuals and households.  
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show The reward for a service provided by a factor of production.  
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show A stock of assets at a point in time.  
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show When the general level of prices stays constant.  
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Inflation   show
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show Method used to calculate the rate of inflation.  
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show The value of something in money terms.  
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show The value of something when inflation is taken into account.  
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Government spending   show
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Government revenue   show
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show A tax on income or wealth.  
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Indirect taxes   show
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show When tax revenue is equal to government spending.  
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Budget surplus   show
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show When tax revenue is less than government spending.  
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Fiscal policy   show
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show Tax that takes a higher percentage of tax the higher the income.  
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Monetary policy   show
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show Policies that increase the productive potential of an economy.  
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show Beneficial effect of an economic activity on a third party.  
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Negative externalities   show
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Incidence of tax   show
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Subsidies   show
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show Expenditure for provision of public goods.  
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Legislation   show
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Regulation   show
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show Ensuring economic agents have access to the information they need.  
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show Goods and services produced in one country and sold to another country.  
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Imports   show
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show International trade without any restrictions such as trade barriers.  
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European Union   show
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Balance of payments   show
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show When goods and services that have been imported are greater than those exported.  
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Current account surplus   show
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show The price of one currency in terms of another currency.  
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Currency   show
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Globalisation   show
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Development   show
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Developed country   show
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show These are countries that rely on labour- intensive industries and have a low GDP per capita.  
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