Test 2
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| mRNA | encodes proteins, is translated by ribosomes
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| rRNA | multiple in lg ribosomal subunit, catalyze formation of peptide bonds
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| Ribozyme | RNA with catalytic activity
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| tRNA | contains anticodons that base pair w codons and decode into amino acids, brings amino acids to ribosomes
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| core promoter | directly recruits and binds general transcription factors and RNA polymerase
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| core promoter same or different in all genes? | same
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| basal transciption apparatus | RNA polymerase and general transcription factors
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| basal transcription apparatus required for transcription in all genes? | yes
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| transcription regulatory proteins | bind regulatory elements to repress/activate transcription
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| actions of transcriptional regulatory proteins | acetylation, deacetylation, methylation, demethylation, bromodomain, chromodomain, PHD finger, WD40 repeat
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| are transcription regulatory proteins same for all RNA polymerases? | no, specific
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| are transcription regulatory proteins same for all cell types? | no, specific
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| are transcription regulatory proteins same for all genes? | no, specific
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| enhancers | DNA regulatory elements that act at a large distance
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| reporter gene | gene with obvious phenotype that is used to study regulation of less obvious gene expresssion
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| DNA regulatory element | DNA sequence that increases/dereases gene expression
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| Types of mutations | insertion, deletion, substitution
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| Effects of mutations | frameshift, silent mutation, nonsense mutation, missense mutation
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| Stop codons | UGA, UAA, UAG
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| What is the ribosome recruited by in eukaryotes? | 5' cap (modified guanine)
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| What is the ribosome recruited by in prokaryotes? | Shine-Dalgarno sequence
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| Order of pieces of eukaryotic mRNA sequence | 5' cap, 5' UTR, start codon, ORF, stop codon, 3' UTR, poly(A) tail
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| Ways prokaryotes can't regulate gene expression | chromatin structure, mRNA processing
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| What causes a change in RNA/protein molecules? | change in regulatory DNA
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| What happens when there is a mutation at a splice site? | the intron doesn't get spliced
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Created by:
karadub03
Popular Genetics sets