Antineoplastic RX
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| What are the mose common Sites for malingnant Neoplasm Growth? | show 🗑
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| Classifications of tumors? (4) | show 🗑
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| What are Paraneoplastic Syndromes (PNS) of cancer of the lungs? (3) | show 🗑
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| What are Paraneoplastic Syndromes (PNS)of leukemia? (1) | show 🗑
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| show | Addison's syndrome;
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| show | Cushing's Syndrome;
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| What are the stages of cancer growth? (5) | show 🗑
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| When is chemotherapy the most effective? | show 🗑
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| What are the types of antineoplastic drugs? (2) | show 🗑
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| show | Cell Cycle Specific (CCS)
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| which classification of antineroplastic drug is effective against large, slow growing tumors? | show 🗑
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| show | 1. cancer stage at the time of dx; 2. type of neoplasm; 3. neoplasm's doubling time; 4. efficacy of cancer Tx; 5. the developement of drug resistance; 6. general health of the pt;
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| show | 1. no one agent is effective against all cancers; 2. all antineplastic agents have a narrow therapeutic index; 3. a combination of agents is usually more effective than single agents alone;
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| show | cont. 4. major drawback = high incidence of side effects involving other papidly growing cells (hair follicles, GI cells, Bone Marrow Cells; 5. Do not administer with other drugs having similar toxicities;
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| show | a side effect becomes "dose Limiting" when it prevents giving these agents in high enough doses to kill the cancer;
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| show | the time frame within which an antineplastic drug has killing effects ont he bone marrow;
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| What are the categories of Antineoplastics? (6) | show 🗑
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| show | Alkalating agent that is effective against rapidly diving cells malignant and nonmalignant;
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| show | solid tumors, hematologic malignancies, frequently used in combination with other agents;
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| show | BMS is dose limiting, nephrotoxicity, pulmonary ficrosis, cardiomyopathy;
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| show | most devistationg consequence of chemotherapy is loss of a linb due to extravasated IV fluids;
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| Classification and MOA of Methotrexate (Folex PFS) & Mercaptopurine (6-MP)? | show 🗑
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| show | solid tumors of the colon, rectum, stomach, lung, liver, bladder, pancreas;
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| Adverse rxn of Methotrexate (Folex PFS) & Mercaptopurine (6-MP)? | show 🗑
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| show | severe toxicity if methotrexate is used with NSAIDS;
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| show | additive toxicity is co-administered with agents having similar toxicity;
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| show | cytotoxic antibiotics act as CCNS agents, bacteriocidal, may kill some viruses;
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| Therapeutic use of Doxoyrubicin (Adriamycin RDF) & Bleomycin (Bleoxane)? | show 🗑
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| Advers rxn of Doxoyrubicin (Adriamycin RDF) & Bleomycin (Bleoxane)? | show 🗑
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| show | CHF, Left ventricular failuer; all agents produce BMS except for Bleoxane which produces pulmonary toxicity leading to pulmonary fibrosis & pnemonia; danger of extravasation b/c can only be administered IV;
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| Classification and MOA of Paclitaxel (Taxol) & Vincristine (Oncovin)? | show 🗑
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| show | Hair loss, N&V, BMS;
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| Classification and MOA of Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)? | show 🗑
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| show | solid and hematologic tumors
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| Adverse rxn of Hydroxyurea (Hydrea)? | show 🗑
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| show | used to treat solid tumores, such as bladder testicular & ovarian; May Cause ototoxicity & Nephrotoxicity;
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| show | used to treat cancers of bone and lymph as well as solid tumore; may cause cystitis and nephrotoxicity;
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| What drug is used to treat solid tumors of breast, head, neck, lung, lymphocytic, leukemia, non hodgkins lymphoma? | show 🗑
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| show | useful as anti-inflammatory in the tx of rheumatoid arthritis & oher immune related inflammatory conditions; available both parenterally and orally, can cause photosensitivity;
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| Important things to remember about Mercaptopurine (6MP)? | show 🗑
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| important things to remember about Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)? | show 🗑
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| show | very toxic to lungs, given in units rather than mg; given SQ, IM, or IV;
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| show | for tx of metastatic ovarian cancer not responsive to other regimens; pt's are premedicated with steroid, antihistamine, & H2 antagonist (Cimetidine); only available IV;
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| show | used in tx of lymphomas, hodgkins, neuroblastoma, leukemia, osteogenic &other sarcomas, tumors of breast & lung; contraindicated in infants; can develope urinary problems and neurotoxicity with joint and back pain;
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| show | CCS agent; causes sever BMS, it's nadir (maximum destruction og granulocyte cells) occurs within one week of start of therapy;
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| show | reduced frequency of neurological exacerbation in multiple sclerosis;
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| show | causes production of LAK cells that kill cancer cells; given SQ, IV peri-lesionally, intra-peritoneal, intra-hepatic, intra-thecal routes;
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| What are the components of the cellular immune system and their functions? (3) | show 🗑
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| Types of Biological Response Modifiers? (3) | show 🗑
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| what are the effects of the Biologic REsponse Modifiers? (3) | show 🗑
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| show | antiviral, immune modulating, antitumor;
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| show | flu-like symptoms, fatigue is major dose limiting effect; anorexia, N&V;
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| Classification and MOA of interleukins? | show 🗑
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| show | melanomas and renal carcinoma
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| show | Tx can cause severe toxicity: capillary leak syndrom may cause massive fluid retention (20-30 lbs), respiratory distress, CHF, MI; Heptatoxicity, fatigue, eosinophilia;
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| Classification and MOA of Epoetin (Procrit)? | show 🗑
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| How does Epoetin (Procrit) enable higher doses of chemotherapy to be given? (3) | show 🗑
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| show | fever, muscle aches, bone pain, flushing;
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| What should the nurse do if she detects Antineoplastic Extravasation? (7 steps) | show 🗑
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| What should the nurse do if she detects Antineoplastic Extravasation? (7 steps)cont. | show 🗑
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| show | 1. If hair loss is a source of distress, wigs can be rented, purchased or obtained free from the American Cancer society; 2. pregnant women should not handle antineoplastic agents;
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| What are the pt teachings for antineoplastic agents? (2) | show 🗑
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